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Evaluating Market Risk Factors in Positive and Negative World Markets. Buhdy Bok Frank Liu Jeff Lu Brad Newcomer Ron Yee. Agenda. Hypothesis Overview Analysis Applications Next Steps. Hypothesis. Country market risk differ depending upon market conditions
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Evaluating Market Risk Factors in Positive and Negative World Markets Buhdy Bok Frank Liu Jeff Lu Brad Newcomer Ron Yee
Agenda • Hypothesis • Overview • Analysis • Applications • Next Steps
Hypothesis • Country market risk differ depending upon market conditions • Skewness is an important factor in evaluating country market risk
Overview • CAPM assumes an average beta • Volatility varies in different market conditions • Betas vary depending upon market conditions • CAPM assumes returns are normally distributed • Returns are not generally symmetrical • Returns typically exhibit positive or negative skewness
Data Source • Compared Monthly Returns - Equity Markets from 37 Countries vs. World Market (MSCI Indices) • 16 Developed Nations • 21 Emerging Markets
Diversion from Standard CAPM • We want to split the CAPM Beta into 2 Betas • Beta+ when world market return is positive • Beta- when world market return is negative r = α + β( Rm - Rf ) + error to r = α + β+( Rm+ - Rf ) + β-( Rm- - Rf ) + error
Coskewness Regression • Coskewness: The amount of skewness that an asset adds to the diversified portfolio (systematic skewness) r = α + β1( RM ) + β2( RM )2 + error
Application of the Model • Results demonstrate the significance of separate betas for up/down markets • A simple, intuitive refinement of the CAPM • Incorporating this concept into tactical allocation decisions will generate excess returns
Application of the Model • Requires a predictive model to forecast up/down markets • New procedure: • Create a predictive model to forecast +/- market signals • Calculate the appropriate correlation matrix • Run optimization model (either up/down) • Use output to determine asset allocations
Next Steps • Run an out-of-sample test of the model • Parse market risk over more buckets • Examine performance of market risk factor using different parsing criteria • e.g., recession vs. expansion • Goal: create a more accurate pricing model that allows the market risk factor to be more dynamic over a range of market conditions