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VARScope. Personalized Guidance for Example Selection in an Explanatory Visualization System. Dr. Peter Brusilovsky & Gayathri Krishnamoorthy School of Information Sciences University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA October 15, 2006. Introduction.
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VARScope Personalized Guidance for Example Selection in an Explanatory Visualization System Dr. Peter Brusilovsky & Gayathri Krishnamoorthy School of Information Sciences University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA October 15, 2006 ELearn 2006
Introduction • Program Visualization – key in computer science education • Explanatory Visualization is one step ahead, augmenting visualization with natural language explanations. • Explanations on the fly • Pre-authored explanations (most common, easy to create) • Growing tremendously every year Problem to students: Which is the best example for me? ELearn 2006
Focus of the Paper • Solution for the example selection problem • Personalized guidance using adaptive link annotation in the form of visual cues • Way to enhance an existing explanatory visualization system with personalized guidance functionality • Using an available student model server (eg., CUMULATE) • Providing an adaptive panel ELearn 2006
VARScope - Features • Variable Scope is one of the critical topics in introductory programming courses (Instructor’s survey) • VARScope guides students in learning the concept of “variable scope” in C programming language by offering • Personalized guidance in choosing the best example • Visualizing the progress made on various concepts using progress bars • Explanatory visualization of pre-authored examples ELearn 2006
VARScope – Interface ELearn 2006
VARScope - Interface Adaptive Panel 1 1. Annotated Links 2. Concept Grid 3. Progress Bars 2 3 ELearn 2006
Concepts and Indexing • 6 Domain concepts were identified • Global, Local, Static, Block Scope, Parameter & Extern • Each example line was indexed with these concepts ELearn 2006
Implementation VAR Scope 1. Html Link (user, group) Initiator Servlet 2. Initial Progress? 3. User, group, progress 6. Problem Suggestion , progress USER MODEL Applet ADAPT2 Protocol 4. User events 5. User events Relay Servlet 6. Progress, problems explored ELearn 2006
Personalized Example Suggestion Example suggestion is influenced by • Difficulty level of the example • Proportional to the number of domain concepts • Level 1, 2, 3 or 4, with level 1 on the easier side suitable for first-time exploration • User’s current knowledge of the domain concepts • Comfort level of the user • Calculated based on number of examples explored under each difficulty level • Corresponds to one of the difficulty levels of the example ELearn 2006
Personalized Example Suggestion Appropriate examples • Examples unexplored under user’s current comfort level • If all examples under current comfort level is explored, suggest examples from subsequent higher difficulty level In-appropriate examples • Examples whose difficulty level is much higher than the user’s comfort level ELearn 2006
Evaluation • Questionnaire 6 users evaluated VARScope, shared their experience by filling out our questionnaire which captured user’s perception on • Easy navigability • Learning goal achievement • Interface Design • Ability to visualize progress • Problem Suggestion • Amount of Help provided • Think-aloud 3 think-aloud studies were performed ELearn 2006
