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HTML

HTML. H yper- T ext M arkup L anguage or <tags> tags </tags>. HTML is a “tag” language. Open and close tags Tags identified with <> angle brackets Basic format <tag> content </tag> <tag /> (shorthand when no content for tag) Format with attribute(s)

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HTML

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  1. HTML Hyper-Text Markup Language or <tags> tags </tags>

  2. HTML is a “tag” language • Open and close tags • Tags identified with <> angle brackets • Basic format <tag> content </tag> <tag /> (shorthand when no content for tag) • Format with attribute(s) <tag attribute=‘value’>content</tag> <tag a1=“value” a2=“value”>content</tag> • Generally whitespace is not important • Tags names generally are important <tag> for example, doesn’t exist

  3. HTML is a markup language • Semantics: Of or relating to meaning, especially meaning in language • Semantic annotations are the GOAL <div> = division <p> = paragraph <ol> or <ul> = list, ordered or unordered <li> = list item <strong> = strong <em> = emphasis <a> = anchor (this is how links will be made) <ins> = inserted text <del> = deleted text

  4. HTML is imperfect • Non-Semantic Markup is Common and unavoidable, except by the best experts of HTML CSS and JavaScript <b> = bold <i> = italic <big> = big <u> = underline (deprecated) <font> = font (deprecated) <center> = center (deprecated)

  5. HTML is a standard • Currently on version5 <!DOCTYPE html> • Other versions exist • Examples: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> • et al… • “quirks mode” is the default! • Rendering/spacing of elements will try to match old browser behavior for backward compatibility. • HTML5 form elements will not display correctly

  6. Specify HTML5 <!DOCTYPE html> • First line of document • no spaces in front • on a line by itself • DOCTYPE all caps • html all lowercase • Don’t forget the bang! • This is not a tag • No closing tag • This is not a tag • Page appearance may depend on HTML 5

  7. Basic Structure of HTML Document • html • head • title • style • …other meta data • body • h1 • …other content <html> <head> <title>Title of Page</title> <style> </style> </head> <body> <h1>Main Heading</h1> </body> </html>

  8. HTML template <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Page Name</title> <style></style> </head> <body> <h1>Page Heading</h1> </body> </html>

  9. Block vs Inline • Tags are defined as Block tags or inline tags • p, div, ol, ul are block • b, i, strong, em, are inline • img, a are inline

  10. Tags • h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 • p • b strong • iem • u • big small • del strike s • pre • blockquote q • code ttsampkbd

  11. Tags without content • <br /> • <hr /> • <img /> • <frame /> • <input /> • <applet />

  12. Specialty Tags • object • param • table • thead • tbody • tr • td • th • input • textarea • select • Option • optgroup • script

  13. img • Basic using local and absolute url references • <imgsrc="pic.png" /> • <imgsrc="http://www.dyessick.com/images/uwa_logo.gif" /> • Specify Width and/or Height • <img width="400" height="80" src="pic.jpg" /> • <img width="80" height="200" src="pic.gif" /> • Alt text for accessability • <img alt="png" src="pic.png" /> • NOT • <imgsrc="file:///Z:/MyClasses/uwa2013Fall/cs350/HTML%20pages/pic.jpg" />

  14. A • <a href=“page.html">Page</a> • <a href=“http://dontezuma.com/page.html”>Page</a> • <a title=“tooltip” href=“page.html">Page</a> • <a href=“page.html“ target=“_blank”>Page</a> • <a href=“page.html“ target=“framename”>Page</a> • <a href=“#anchor_id“>To Anchor</a>

  15. Tables • http://www.w3schools.com/html/html_tables.asp • <table> • <tr> • <td> • <th> • Using colspanattribute on td • Using rowspanattribute on td • Using border attribute on table

  16. List • ul • ol • li

  17. HTML Entities • Entity name &entity_name; & &amp; Ampersand symbol < &lt; Less thanoperator > &gt; Greater thanoperator · &middot; Middle dot — &mdash; Em dash – &ndash En dash • Entity number &#entity_number; < &#60; Less than operator

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