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Chapter Five

Chapter Five. How did the physical geography of Japan affect its worldview ? In what ways did Japan isolate itself from the rest of the world ? How did isolation during the Edo period lead to changes in Japan ?

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Chapter Five

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  1. Chapter Five • How did the physical geography of Japan affect its worldview? • In what ways did Japan isolate itself from the rest of the world? • How did isolation during the Edo period lead to changes in Japan? • How did the changes resulting from isolation affect Japan economically, politically and socially during the Edo period? • How did the shogun use the feudal system and the hierarchical social classes to maintain control in Japan?

  2. How did the physical geography of Japan affect its worldview? • Neighbours (China, Russia, Korea) • Volcanoes • Island Nation • Mountains • Rainfall/humid

  3. In what ways did Japan isolate itself from the world? • Foreign Influences • Japan thrived with trade in the 15th century • European nations started to show up in Japan • Tokugawa didn’t want Japanese people exposed to Western ideas • Worried about becoming another colony • Foreign ships were only allowed to land at Deshima (Nagasaki)

  4. Christianity • Remember grade 7... many of the Europeanships carried missionaries on them! • Many people in the Nagasaki area (Deshima) converted to Christianity The shogun/bakufu feared a loss of control (they were viewed as having the most power, if they followed the leaders (God) of Christian nations, the shogun would lose power • Shoguns decided to isolate Japan from Westernnations because of this

  5. The National Seclusion Policypg. 136 • The Bakufu passed edicts to tighten control • Helped the Bakufu have a strong government which was centralized Closed Country Edict 1635 • Japanese ships can't travel to foreign countries • No Japanese person is to go abroad. If they are found, they will be executed • If people are returning from overseas, they will be put to death • If any western barbarian teaches Christianity or commits a crime, they will be put to death • No single city is allowed to buy all foreign merchandise • Portuguese ships are banned from Japanese ports upon pain of death

  6. Bakufu controlling the Daimyo: • Three Classes of Daimyo: • Super trusted/loyal • Family • No trust, hate you • The daimyo could NOT moveout of their class!!! • Daimyo Laws: • No contact between daimyos, especially if they are traitors to the shogun • Only one castle/domain • Must provide a map of the landholdings/castle • Daimyo must support building up their domain(financially) • Must spend every second year in Edo • All commoners must register at Buddhist temples • When you want to get married, the Bakufumustapprove the marriage • NO travel or shipbuilding

  7. Social Hierarchy • Was made into law • Basically made it impossibleto chance social classes • People were very prejudiceagainst people not in theirsocial class

  8. Community Change with Isolation • Roads started to be developed • The shogun controlled five main roads • Daimyo and their entourages (which are?) would travel along the main roads • Changed the economy as they needed togive these people a place to stay/foodalong their journey • People moved to cities (urbanization) • Cities had to rely on the rural areas forfood

  9. Three Main Metropolises • Edo • Kyoto • Osaka

  10. Popular Culture • Began to flourish with urbanization • People desired luxury, opulent things • People had more time (no war) so they turnedto the arts • Samurai started to be educated • Made them known for more thanjust their rank/military accomplishments

  11. Kabuki Theatre • Only men were allowed to act • Re-enacted life issues • Very elaborate (make-up, plots, action) • Performed by non-humans

  12. Bunraku Theatre • Puppet theatre • For adults, not children • Performed by non-humans

  13. Geishas • Had amazing etiquette • Knew all about dancing, singing,witty conversation, tea ceremony andfloral arrangement • Were hired as entertainment • Were a reflection of cultural values

  14. Woodblock Images • Prints of paintings on wood • Artists would carve main lines of the artinto the wood • Put paint in the lines/creases and then the woodwould be pressed onto canvas • VOILA! A print of the actual painting...for a lot cheaper!

  15. Books and Literature • Used both the printing press AND woodblocks • It was hard to use the printing press because of the Japanese characters • No writing on Christianity was allowed • No books on anything deemed immoral • Many books on social skills and farming • Books started to be printed, usually stories which would make good kabuki plays • Haikus started to be developed and were loved Basho Matsuo was the first poet of Haikus

  16. Japanese Aesthetics (What they believeis beautiful) • Japanese gardens • Simplicity • Serenity • Miniaturization

  17. Not TOTALLY Isolated • Still allowed contact with China and Korea • China had a large impact as they were one of the few countries that had access • The Dutch were allowed limited access to • Japan as well • Dutch didn't bring missionaries • Taught the Japanese a lot about medicine • Learning Dutch became fashionable in Japan • Shogun started allowing them to bring in SOME • western books

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