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Salmonid biology and genomics -industry perspective. Dr. Petter Arnesen Marine Harvest ASA. ICISB Oslo June 18 th 2012. Global Salmon farming – on average 9 % annual growth over 20 years. Tonnes.
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Salmonid biology and genomics-industry perspective Dr. Petter Arnesen Marine Harvest ASA ICISB Oslo June 18th 2012
Global Salmon farming – on average 9 % annual growth over 20 years Tonnes Source: Kontali Analyse 1990-2011. Slaughtered weight Atlantic salmon Marine Harvest estimate for 2012
Facts that illustrate size Marine Harvest in brief • One of the world's leading seafood companies • The world's largest producer of Atlantic salmon • Fully integrated value chain from broodstock to ready-to-eat meals • Pioneering the international development of our industry Volume produced 2011:344,000 tonnes Salmon meals each day:4.2 million Sales 2011:NOK 16 billion Employees: 6,200 in 22 countries
Sold volume and value of Norwegian Salmon = 5 billion USD
In Norway - Salmon is the biggest meat producer Thousand tonnes Sources: Aquaculture – live weight for 2011 from Kontali. Agriculture - meat production 2009 from Statistics Norway "Agriculture in Norway in 2009"
40 years of technology development has changed the industry completely
A modern farming facility • Number of net pens varies between facilities • Content of the largest net pens: • 97.5% water • 1,500 tonnes of fish, live weight • 1,350 tonnes of slaughtered fish* • Around 5.9 million portions @ 130 g Circumference: 157 metres Depth: 30 metres Volume: 60,000 m3 * Here slaughtered fish = so-called "Head onGutted" (HOG) which is 90% of live weight
Biotechnology has made significant contributions to salmon farming Genetic modification is not used in salmon breeding "Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.“ (Definition of biotechnology by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity)
Biotech: contribution to vaccine development>Antibiotics – a closed chapter
Biotech: contribution to fish performance >Effective breeding programs Salmon of today use 25% less feed than offspring of wild salmon and growth rate has been more than doubled (time to harvest reduced from around 40 to 20 months) (Sonneson, Storset, Rye, 2007) The importance of breeding will increase in the future as new genetic tools become available (e.g. the salmon genome)
Atlantic Salmon Genome Project> an example of international collaboration
Some research challenges • Losses in salmon production, mainly due to viral diseases, are too high (around 20% in Norway) and cost the industry 2-3 billion NOK (330-500 mill USD)/year • Need vaccine development and increased resistance through breeding • Sea lice treatments have indirect cost of approx. 1 billion NOK (167 mill USD)/year • Need new, non-medicinal, treatments and increased resistance through breeding • New, non-marine, feed raw materials must be developed • Especially high omega-3 materials