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All Section Review!!

All Section Review!!. By: Talia Flamini and Mackenzie Cornaglia. Chemical Reactions:. The changing of substances into other substances by breaking old bonds and forming new bonds. The table above shows the concept review of the entire chapter. Chemical equations.

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All Section Review!!

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  1. All Section Review!! By: Talia Flamini and Mackenzie Cornaglia

  2. Chemical Reactions: • The changing of substances into other substances by breaking old bonds and forming new bonds. • The table above shows the concept review of the entire chapter

  3. Chemical equations Different reactants and products are separated by a + sign, and reactants are separated by a “yields” sign . An expression that shows a chemical reaction • In the following chemical equation which substance(s) is(are) the product(s)? • Fe + O2 → Fe2O3 A.) Fe2O3 C.) Fe2 B.) Fe + O2 D.) O3

  4. Balancing Equations A balanced equation has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation • Find the correct formulas for both the reactants and products • Balance the equation using coefficients *Remember to treat polyatomic ions as a single unit, and to simplify!* Steps to balancing equations:

  5. Using Coefficients In the following example, we will use coefficients to balance a chemical reaction that produces water. 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O +

  6. Everyday Equations Everyday equations are word equations that you can write for everyday processes. Here is an example of an everyday equation that shows the parts of a bike (reactants) and the final product

  7. Practicing Everyday Equations A kite is made up of four parts; paper, wooden dowels, string and a spool. Find the formula for the kite, make sure that it is balanced! → + + + → + + + P __________ 2D St Sp c.) PD2St a.) PD2StSp b.)P2D2StSp d.)PD2Sp

  8. Types of Reactions This is one classification of chemical reactions that identify five general reaction types.

  9. Combination Reactions In a combination reaction, two or more substances react to form a single substance. Which of the following is a combination reaction? a.) Mg + Zn(NO3)2 (aq)→ Mg(NO3)2 (aq) + Zn b.) CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 c.) AgNO3 (aq) + KCl (aq)→ AgCl + KNO3(aq) d.) 2K + Cl2→ 2KCl

  10. Decomposition Reactions In a decomposition reaction, a single compound is broken down into two or more products.

  11. Single-Replacement Reactions In a single-replacement reaction atoms of an element replace the atoms of one other element in a compound. Mg + 2AgNO3(aq)→ Mg(NO3)2(aq) + ______ Which one of these is the second product of the chemical equation above? a.) Ag2 c.) Ag b.) 2Ag d.) there is no other product

  12. Double-Replacement Reactions Double-replacement reactions involve an exchange of positive ions between two compounds. Which of the following is a double-replacement reaction? a.) Fe + CuSO4(aq)→ FeSO4(aq) + Cu b.) S + O2→ SO2 c.) Na2S(aq) + Cd(NO3)2(aq)→ CdS +2NaNO3(aq) d.) Mg + Zn(NO3)2(aq)→ Mg(NO3)2(aq) + Zn

  13. Combustion Reactions In a combustion reaction, an element or a compound reacts with oxygen, often producing energy in the form of heat and light Fill in the blank with the correct reactant in the combustion reaction d.) OH2 a.) CH4 b.) 2H c.) O2

  14. Predicting Products Depending on the type of reaction that occurs, the products of a reaction can differ. • In a combination reaction-two elements combine to form a new compound • In a decomposition reaction- a single compound is broken down into two or more elements or compounds • In a single replacement reaction- an element replaces another element to form a compound in a diluted solution • In a double replacement reaction-two ionic compounds exchange negatively charged atoms to form two new compounds • In a combustion reaction- there can be three outcomes: • If a compound is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and sometimes oxygen, the most probable products are carbon dioxide and water • If all the carbon is present as carbon dioxide, it is COMPLETE combustion • If all the carbon forms carbon monoxide, it is INCOMPLETE combustion

  15. In 2007, two scientists, Fritz Grobe and Stephen Voltz, did an experiment using Mentos and Diet Coke. The product was a violent explosion of soda. Have you ever wondered what caused this? The chemistry of the carbonated soda is altered by the chemistry of the Mentos causing the CO2 to release itself from the liquid, pulling the soda from the bottom, to the top, and out of the bottle. We all know that salt is made up of sodium and chlorine. A combination chemical reaction occurs when a piece of sodium metal is place in a flask of chlorine gas. A drop of water is then placed on the sodium, acting as a catalyst for the reaction. An explosion of light and heat is released because of how sensitive sodium is when it reacts with water. To see a video of the reaction, click here Cool Chemical Reactions!

  16. Are you ready for the test? Homework: Write a five to seven sentence paragraph explaining three chemical reactions you have experienced during science this year or in your day to day life, what type, and how you know what type they are.

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