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The Minor Prophets

A Study of Obadiah. The Minor Prophets. The Author of Obadiah. Who was Obadiah? Who were Obadiah's parents? Where was Obadiah born? When and where did he die? Twelve other “Obadiah's” mentioned Many are mentioned in genealogy lists Nothing links these “Obadiah's” to this book.

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The Minor Prophets

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  1. A Study of Obadiah The Minor Prophets

  2. The Author of Obadiah • Who was Obadiah? • Who were Obadiah's parents? • Where was Obadiah born? • When and where did he die? • Twelve other “Obadiah's” mentioned • Many are mentioned in genealogy lists • Nothing links these “Obadiah's” to this book

  3. The Author of Obadiah • We simply do not know who wrote Obadiah, except that his name was Obadiah! • I would like to BRIEFLY mention a few possibilities

  4. The Author of Obadiah • The officer in Ahab's house who hid and fed 100 prophets of Jehovah when Jezebel massacred the prophets of Jehovah (1 Kings 18:3-16) • This event occurred about 25-30 years before the book of Obadiah was written, if it were written around 845 BC (more on the time of Obadiah later) • One of the teachers sent out by Jehoshaphat was named Obadiah (2 Chronicles 17:7-9) • Jehoshaphat's reign ended 3-5 years before Obadiah was written, if 845 BC is the date

  5. The Author of Obadiah • Obadiah was the name of an overseer of the work of repairing the temple in Josiah's day (2 Chron. 34:12) • The repair began in the 18th year of Josiah, about 622-623 BC, about 36-37 years before Obadiah was written, if it were written in 586 BC

  6. The Date of Obadiah • There seem to be two possibilities for the time of Obadiah, about 845 BC and about 586 BC • Verses 10-14 mention an invasion of Jerusalem that Edom was involved with • This could have been the invasion during the reign of Jehoram (2 Chron. 21:8-17) • This could have been the invasion of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar just before the Babylonian captivity (2 Kings 24:1-2)

  7. Date of Obadiah – the Late Date • Compare Jeremiah 49:7-13 • Compare Ezekiel 35:1-10 • Compare Psalm 137:7 • These texts are referring to the invasion of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar • The “we” in Obadiah 1 refers to other prophets, these other prophets

  8. Date of Obadiah – The Early Date • Verse 11 “cast lots”; Babylon cast no lots for Jerusalem, they laid claim! • The passages mentioned previously specify Babylon, Obadiah does not • If Obadiah was later, then his entire work is basically copied from Jeremiah (Jer. 49:7-22)

  9. The Early Date, About 845 BC • Keil, Hailey, and Bob accept the early date, and it seems reasonable • This makes Obadiah the earliest written prophet • This places him in Judah during the reign of Jehoram • He writes about the event mentioned in 2 Chron. 21:16-17

  10. Jacob and Esau • Paul gives us a brief synopsis of the enmity between Israel and Edom in Rom. 9:6-13 • They struggled in Rebekah's womb and at birth (Gen. 25:22-26) • Jacob took Esau's birthright (Gen. 25:27-34) • Jacob stole the blessing from Isaac (Gen. 27) • They had an anti-climactic meeting after this (Gen. 32-33)

  11. Jacob and Esau • Edom refused to allow Israel to pass during the wandering (Num. 20:14-21), which caused Israel trouble • However, Israel was instructed not to meddle with Edom (Deut. 2:1-7) • David put Edom in subjection (2 Sam. 8:13-14) • Edom revolted, prompting Obadiah's prophecy (2 Chron. 21:16-17; 2 Kings 8:20-21) • Edomites became known as Idumeans; Herod was an Idumean

  12. Jacob and Esau • Throughout the Prophets, Edom is used as a symbol for unregenerate men; those in open rebellion against and disobedience to God • “Esau was a profane man” (Heb. 12:16)

  13. Edom's Judgment is Decreed: Obadiah 1-4 • Who is bringing judgment on Edom? • Edom is smitten with absolute arrogance! • They trusted in their rough terrain • The Lord says, “No matter how high you are, I will bring you down.”

  14. Edom Will Be Completely Destroyed: Obadiah 5-9 • It will be worse than thieves; nothing will be left in Edom! • Oh how Esau will be searched out! • Even their friends and confederates will turn against them, even secretly • The wise men in Edom will be destroyed • “Teman” is a prominent tribe in Edom (Gen. 36:11); used to refer to Edom itself sometimes

  15. The Reason for Edom's Destruction: Obadiah 10-14 • Edom committed violence against Israel, specifically when he took part in an attack on Jerusalem • Though Edom did not instigate, his participation was complete enough to warrant judgment • Edom plundered Jerusalem during the attack • Edom killed those who tried to escape Jerusalem • Edom sought out and gave to the enemy those who did not attempt to escape

  16. The Day of Jehovah Is Near:Obadiah 15-16 • This may be the first use of the term “Day of Jehovah”, though this term is used throughout the prophets to refer to God's judgment • In the Day of Jehovah, Edom will be completely destroyed • The other nations will drink and swallow up Edom • Edom will be as though they had never been

  17. Zion Will Be Exalted Over Edom:Obadiah 17-21 • This portion seems to be Messianic, “On Mount Zion there shall be deliverance... and holiness” • “Then saviors shall come to Mount Zion... and the kingdom shall be Jehovah's” • The Edomites were forced out of their land into Southern Judah, and were in subjection under the Macabees. Their identity was lost completely during the Roman empire. • The only way for Edom to escape is to accept the Messiah, to go to Zion for deliverance

  18. Zion Will Be Exalted Over Edom:Obadiah 17-21 • Notice Acts 15:15-18 compared with Amos 9:11-12; This is how Israel will possess Edom • The Sepharad in verse 20 is an uncertain location • However, the point is that all of the remnant of Israel would be remembered, they will hear the gospel as it is preached throughout the world

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