Why do we study literature ?

1. Why do we study literature ?

2. Literature represents a language or a people: culture and tradition 2. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience. We learn about books and literature; we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays; and we may even grow and evolve through our literary journey with books

3. 3 . Literature is important to us because it speaks to us, it is universal, and it affects us. 4. It tends to create awareness of the facts worth knowing, and at times a realization that they are not facts about things but facts about life.

4. 5. It answerssuch questions as: • What are human beings like? • What can be expected of them? • Why do they behave as they do? • What is their aim in life?

5. LITERATURE AS A MIRROR OF SOCIETY

6. 1.Literature reflects the society, its good values and its ill. 1. 2.In its corrective function, literature mirrors the ills of the society with a view to make society realize its mistakes and make amends.

7. 3.What we see in literature is an accurate image of what we see in real life. It is a social document. It reflects the various aspects of society. 4.It deals with the lives of men and women in society ,social reality is to a large extent the subject of literature

8. 5. literature as an imitation of human action ,often presents a picture of what people say and do in the society. 6.Literature is a mirror of its time of creation, to get the unique features and common manners of a society at a particular time, study its literature.

9. example Novels of Charles Dickens such as Oliver Twist invariably have some commentary on the society of his day as a central point to them, and allude to the conditions that existed in the workhouses where most of the country’s orphans were assigned, and where many in fact perished.

10. TYPES OF LITERATURE

11. All literature is broken down into two basic types: Prose and Poetry. Prose includes standard written literature and plays. Written literature is then divided into fiction and non-fiction. Poetry encompasses all literature in verse form. Proseis further broken down into novel, and short stories.

12. 1.Fiction : a literary work based on the imagination and not necessarily on fact. 2.Detective/mystery novel: in which the reader is challenged to solve a puzzle before the detective explains it at the end. 3.Novellete /novella :a short novel. 4.Romance: a novel dealing with idealized events remote from every day life.

13. What is a novel?

14. A novel is a long narrative in literary prose. It has its historical root both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance. To become a part of literature novels have to address the discussion of art ,having an intricate plot, fascinating characters and sophisticated language. A novel may also be defined as an extended work of prose ,usually in the form of a story.

15. WHY IS NOVEL TAUGHT ?

16. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

17. 1.Accurate knowledge of grammar and clarity of expression. Understanding of life and its realities. 3.Training to proceed from the known to the unknown.

18. 4. Understanding of the universal values of truth ,goodness and beauty. 5. Understanding of history ,politics, society ,conflicts of the preceding ages. 6. Developing love of reading and love for books.

19. 7. Fluency in writing through increased reading activity. 8. Increasing confidence and ability to speak publicly. 9. Enhancing critical thinking. 10.Understanding of the concept of poetic justice.

20. These books are taught because they have universal significance to the human experience. All of these teach valuable lessons which are still very relevant to our lives today--greed, ambition, incest, rape, issues of government and politics, injustice are prevalent in both our current world and these books.

21. Good teachers pull out the examples in today's world which will help students make the connections. We have a responsibility to teach the classics and to touch on these universal issues--to all students. Students who intend to go to college are especially in need of knowledge of these books since they are repeatedly referred to in lectures and readings. It is part of being well-educated to be well-read

22. I think we assign books for two reasons: one is to introduce the students to the thought/history that has made our country/world the place that we inhabit; the other is to introduce them to their own world, their own peers, and to show them what great FUN reading can be.

23. The following works of literature have each been claimed as the firstnovelin English. • Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe (1719) • Daniel Defoe ,Moll Flanders (1722) • Samuel Richardson ,Pamela (1740)

24. For many years, novels were considered light reading for young, single women. Novels written with this in mind often contained sometimes heavy moral instruction, and, like earlier English literature, attempted to provide an example of the correct kind of conduct

25. . The novels of George Eliott, such as Middlemarch, were a milestone of literary realism, and are frequently held in the highest regard for their combination of high Victorian literary detail combined with an intellectual breadth. An interest in rural matters and the changing social and economic situation of the countryside, is seen in the novels of Thomas Hardy and others.

26. A novel is worth reading and teaching if it • is a classic which continues to be relevant to today's students; • is well written and particularly strong in a single area such as characterization, plot, point of view, dialogue, conflict; • contains a universal theme which can be integrated into at least one other curriculum area; • speaks to the students' interests, concerns, or social issues; it exemplifies a genre

27. Universal Appeal For a novel to be compelling, it must address a universal concept to which students can relate. In order to make literature meaningful, teachers must find a way to help students connect it to their own livesRegardless of the novel you choose and its innate merits, you must ask yourself, "What makes this story accessible to everyone?" That's getting to the theme, or the universality, of the novel

28. Creator of life-style Novels have been known to influence, though perhaps not very greatly, modes of social behaviour and even, among the very impressionable, conceptions of personal identity. Many more young men have seen themselves as Hamlet.

29. NOVELS REPRESENT

30. Interpretation of life. Entertainment or escape Propaganda. Agent of change in language and thought Expression of the spirit of its age • Creator of life-style

31. ELEMENTS OF A NOVEL There are five main elements of a novel • Plot • Characters • Setting • Narrative method • Scope or Dimension • Symbolism

32. THEORY READING TOWARDS WRITING. When we learn a language, there are four skills that we need for complete communication. When we learn our native language, we usually learn to listen first, then to speak, then to read, and finally to write. These are called the four "language skills": • Skill #1: Listening • Skill #2: Speaking • Skill #3: Reading • Skill #4: Writings • You can see, reading is the third language skill. It is important for acquisition of vocabulary, and also because it can be done alone.

33. The four language skills are related to each other in two ways: • the direction of communication (in or out) • the method of communication (spoken or written) Input is sometimes called "reception" and output is sometimes called "production". Spoken is also known as "oral".

34. Ways to improve your mind by reading Classics Since most people read bestsellers printed in the past 10 years, it follows that virtually no one is reading the classics. Although it’s unfortunate that the intellectual heritage of humanity is being forgotten we can use this to our benefit. By reading the classics to improve your mind you can give yourself an advantage. These examples illustrate how reading the classics will help you succeed.

35. 1. Bigger Vocabulary When reading the classics you’ll come across many words that are no longer commonly used. Why learn words most people don’t use? Having a bigger vocabulary is like having a tool box with more tools. Oneunconsciously absorb the grammar and style of the author. Why not learn from the best? Great authors have a tendency to take over your mind. After reading, I’ve observed that my thoughts begin to mirror the writer’s style. This influence carries over to writing, helping form clear, rhythmic sentences.

36. 3. Improved Speaking Ability Becoming a better speaker accompanies becoming a better writer because both are caused by becoming a better thinker. Studying works of genius will teach you to express yourself with clarity and style. 4. Fresh Ideas Isn’t it ironic that the best sources for new ideas are writers who’ve been dead for centuries? I’ve derived some of my best ideas directly from the classics.

37. 5. Historical Perspective • Somebody who reads only newspapers and at best the books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely nearsighted person who scorns eyeglasses. He is completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of his times, since he never gets to see or hear anything else. And what a person thinks on his own without being stimulated by the thoughts and experiences of other people is even in the best case rather paltry and monotonous.

38. 6. Educational Entertainment Reading great books is fun. The key is getting past the initial vocabulary barrier. It’s actually less difficult than you think. Even challenging authors use a limited vocabulary. After the initial learning curve, you’ll find the classics as readable as modern books and infinitely more stimulating. Classics have endured because of entertainment value. There’s a reason filmmakers keep remaking old books — they have thebest content.

39. 7. Sophistication If you’d like to excel in conversation, knowledge of the classics is essential. These are books that keep coming up. They’re a part of human history that isn’t going to disappear in 10 years like 99% of books on the bestsellers list. By reading the classics you gain a deeper appreciation of ideas generally taken for granted. Plus quoting Aristotle or Voltaire is a great way to win an argument.

40. 8... Learn Timeless Ideas • We like to believe, in our modern arrogance, that technology has changed everything. In truth, it feels the same to be alive today as it did a thousand years ago. The lessons of the classics carry as much weight as ever. They contain information that is directly applicable to your life. Reading the classics develops an understanding of the human condition and a deeper appreciation of modern problems.

41. My Advice Learning to write in a foreign language is something that is easy to get into but difficult to master. I am also not a native speaker of English and like you; I have a very hard time with writing, especially long papers and literature essays. My advice would be: READ A LOT, and WRITE EVERYDAY. You should start reading classic English novels which would help a lot in improving writing skills.