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Explore the diverse plant and animal life in the St. Johns River, including tape grass, water naiad, widgeon grass, muskgrass, spikerush, water thyme, baby's tears, sago pondweed, small pondweed, awl-leaf arrowhead, horned pondweed, blue crab, jellyfish, sea cucumber, ribbon worm, and brittle star.
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Plants Tape grass (Vallisneriaamericana) • Teeth on edge of leaves • Leaves flat, tape-like; 0.5-4 cm wide • Leaves taper at tip • No obvious stem • Height: 4-90 cm (a small one can be confused with Sagittariasubulata)
Plants Water naiad (Najasguadalupensis) • Leaf whorls not tightly packed • Leaf pairs/whorls separated by large spaces on stem • Leaves opposite, usually in pairs, sometimes in whorls of three • Leaves with teeth (must look closely); 2 mm wide
Plants Widgeon grass (Ruppiamaritima) • Leaves alternate, tapering at end • Leaves thread-like; 0.5 mm wide • Height: 4-20 cm
Plants Muskgrass (Chara sp.) • Leaf whorls separated by conspicuous spaces • Leaf not forked • Leaves stiff and scratchy to touch • Height: 2-8 cm
Plants Spikerush (Eleocharis sp.) • No teeth on leaves • Leaves round, pencil-like; 1-3 mm wide • Leaves as broad at tip as at base • Height: 1-5 cm
Plants Water thyme (Hydrilla verticillata) • Leaf whorls tightly packed • Leaves opposite, in whorls of four to eight leaves • Leaves with conspicuous teeth, making plant scratchy to the touch • Leaf tip pointed; leaves 2-4 mm wide • Height: 5-15 cm
Plants Baby’s-tears (Micranthemum sp.) • Leaf whorls not tightly packed • Leaf opposite, in whorls of three to four leaves • No teeth on leaves • Leaf tip rounded; 2-4 mm wide • Height: 2-15 cm
Plants Sago pondweed (Potamogetonpectinatus) • Leaves alternate; 0.5-4.5 cm wide • No teeth on leaves • Leaves long and narrowing with pointed tips • Stems thread-like • Height: 5-20 cm
Plants Small pondweed (Potamogetonpusillus) • Leaves alternate; 0.5-3 mm wide • No teeth on leaves • Leaves long and narrow with blunted or rounded tips • Stems thread-like • Height: 5-20 cm
Plants Awl-leaf arrowhead (Sagittariasubulata) • No teeth on leaves • Leaves triangular, spongy; 3-8 mm wide • Leaves taper at tip • Height: 1-5 cm
Plants Horned pondweed (Zannichelliapalustris) • Leaves opposite • No teeth on leaves • Long narrow leaves with blunted tips • Stems thread-like • Often seen with kidney-shaped fruit • Height: 1-8 cm
Animals Blue Crab • Has an exoskeleton, which they periodically have to shed (molt) so they can continue to grow. • Their body is divided into three sections – the head, thorax and abdomen. • The head and thorax are fused together and covered by the carapace.
Animals Jellyfish • Have stinging cells • Free-moving, floating organisms
Animals Sea Cucumber • Able to regenerate certain parts of their anatomy • Have a skeleton under the surface • Typically scavengers
Animals Ribbon Worm • Capture prey at their head • Can be up to 30 meters long
Animals Brittle Star • Have arms
References Pinto, G., Bielmyer-Fraser, G.K., Goldberg, N., Ouellette, A., Le, A., Pyati, R., Zoellner, B., Closmann, C. (2018/19). 2019 State of the River Report for the Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, & Contaminants (LSJR). Prepared for the City of Jacksonville, Environmental Protection Board. https://sjrreport.com.