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Earthquakes

Earthquakes. Earthquakes: When the Earth Trembles. Earthquakes , tremors and seisms are all caused by movement of the Earth’s crust. The movement of the crust is often caused by friction between two tectonic plates . The friction produces shock waves, also called seismic waves .

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Earthquakes

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  1. Earthquakes

  2. Earthquakes: When the Earth Trembles • Earthquakes, tremors and seisms are all caused by movement of the Earth’s crust. • The movement of the crust is often caused by friction between two tectonic plates. The friction produces shock waves, also called seismic waves. • Earthquakes are generally rapid and can be highly destructive.

  3. Causes of Earthquakes • Two tectonic plates collide: • Pressure can make the Earth’s crust fold (formation of mountains).

  4. Causes of Earthquakes (cont’d) • One of the plates can sink beneath the other (formation of ocean trenches). • Major earthquake zone.

  5. Causes of Earthquakes (cont’d) • Two tectonic plates move apart: • Magma escapes through the fault between the plates. • Zone of relatively superficial earthquakes that cause little damage.

  6. Causes of earthquakes (cont’d) • Two tectonic plates slide against each other: • The plates move along a fault. • Zone of serious earthquakes due to the friction of the plates.

  7. Tsunamis • Most earthquakes occur under water. • These cause enormous tidal waves to form (also called tsunamis). • These waves move very fast and get bigger as they approach land.

  8. Earthquake Zones • Regions located along the edge of tectonic plates are more vulnerable to earthquakes. • Pacific Ring of Fire • Mid-Atlantic Ridge • Mediterranean Perimeter • Great Rift Valley (in Africa)

  9. Classwork/Homework Textbook p. 331 Memory Check

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