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Earthquakes

Earthquakes. Causes of Earthquakes. The crust of our earth is made up of many different “Tectonic Plates”. When these plates move, the ground we live on shakes. Seismic Waves. There are three kinds of Seismic Waves Primary or “P” waves. Secondary or “S” waves. Surface waves.

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Earthquakes

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  1. Earthquakes

  2. Causes of Earthquakes • The crust of our earth is made up of many different “Tectonic Plates”. • When these plates move, the ground we live on shakes.

  3. Seismic Waves • There are three kinds of Seismic Waves • Primary or “P” waves. • Secondary or “S” waves. • Surface waves.

  4. Primary Waves • Faster than S waves. • Side to side motion.

  5. Secondary Waves • Slower than P waves. • Move at 90 degree angles to the ground.

  6. Surface Waves • A complex combination of P and S waves. • Looks like waves on water

  7. Types of Faults 1. A NORMAL FAULT: • Also called a tension fault. • Footwall up = Normal (FUN)

  8. A REVERSE FAULT • Footwall down. • Footwall down = Reverse (FDR)

  9. 3. STRIKE-SLIP FAULT. • Two pieces slide past each other. • San Andreas Fault in California.

  10. Moment Magnitude Scale • The old scale was the Richter Scale. • Moment Magnitude is more accurate because it accounts for energy released. • MM uses: • How much the fault moved. • How strong the rock was that broke. • Seismic readings.

  11. Strongest Quake Recorded • May 22, 1960 • Chile • Magnitude 9.5.

  12. Triangulation • To tell where an earthquake happened and how strong it was, you need 3 seismographs. • (S wave – P wave = Distance)

  13. FCC CSUF RCC

  14. FCC CSUF RCC Epicenter

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