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SHOCK

SHOCK. Decreased vital organ function due to decreased oxygenation. Usually due to a problem with blood and bloodflow. Oxygen delivery to cells depends on:. Adequate blood volume Effective heart Good blood vessel function. Mechanisms of Shock. Hypovolemic – Low volume of body fluids

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SHOCK

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  1. SHOCK Decreased vital organ function due to decreased oxygenation. Usually due to a problem with blood and bloodflow.

  2. Oxygen delivery to cells depends on: • Adequate blood volume • Effective heart • Good blood vessel function

  3. Mechanisms of Shock • Hypovolemic – Low volume of body fluids • Cardiogenic – pump failure • Low Resistance (vasogenic) – blood vessels are excessively dilated - Psychogenic shock - Anaphylactic shock

  4. Change in LOC Rapid, weak pulse Rapid, shallow breathing Cool,clammy skin Pallor Thirst N & V Dilated, glassy eyes Signs & Symptoms of Shock

  5. Maintain ABCs Maintain body warmth Proper positioning Treatment for Shock

  6. Treatment for Shock (cont.) • Control bleeding • NPO – nothing by mouth • Reassure • Get follow-up medical help • Activate the EMS

  7. Bleeding • Arterial -bright red and spurts • Venous -crimson and flows • Capillary -red (not bright but not crimson) and ebbs

  8. Control of Bleeding • STEP I • Direct Pressure • Also use ice and elevation if possible

  9. Control of Bleeding • Step II • Keep doing step I • Apply a tourniquet

  10. Nosebleeds • Pinch nostrils (direct pressure) • Have victim sit up with head forward • Apply an ice pack to either the bridge of the nose or between the upper lip and bottom of nose

  11. Treatment Ice pack to area Treat shock Signs and symptoms Pain and tenderness Bruising Swelling Signs of shock Internal Bleeding

  12. Wounds Closed or Open

  13. Closed Wounds • Contusion—skin is red • Bruise- black and blue • Hematoma- raised bruise Treatment: • Wash wound • Apply ice pack

  14. Open Wounds Infection as well as bleeding

  15. Abrasion

  16. Abrasion Treatment • Clean wound • Apply dressing and bandage • Watch for infection

  17. Incision

  18. Incision Treatment • Control bleeding • Clean wound (gently!) • Apply dressing • Watch for infection • May need physician evaluation

  19. Laceration

  20. Laceration Treatment • Same as incision

  21. Puncture Wounds

  22. Puncture Wound Treatment • Stabilize impaled or penetrating object (exception for the cheek) • Get medical evaluation • Watch for infection (likely – why?)

  23. Avulsion

  24. Avulsion

  25. Avulsion (complete/amputation)

  26. Avulsion Treatment • Control bleeding • Clean and dress • Seek physician evaluation • Watch for infection • If complete avulsion (amputation), take avulsed tissue to physician for reattachment!

  27. Care of the avulsed tissue • Wrap tissue in clean cloth • Put wrapped tissue in plastic bag • Put plastic bag in a bag of ice

  28. Infected Wound Microbes are growing in wound

  29. Signs and Symptoms • Redness • Warmth • Throbbing pain • Swollen • Fever • Red streaks • Pus or fluid oozing from wound

  30. Treatment • Keep wound clean and covered • Apply warm packs • Must see physician for definitive treatment

  31. Control of Bleeding • Step II • Keep doing step I • Also apply pressure to pressure point

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