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Weathering

Weathering. Weathering is the process that produces change in the surface of rocks exposed to the atmosphere and/or hydrosphere. . Physical weathering is breaking rock by force. ex: hitting, scratching, cracking.

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Weathering

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  1. Weathering

  2. Weathering is the process that produces change in the surface of rocks exposed to the atmosphere and/or hydrosphere.

  3. Physical weathering is breaking rock by force. ex: hitting, scratching, cracking Chemical weathering is where the rock material is changed into another substance by reacting with a chemical. Two Types OF Weathering:

  4. Frost action (ice wedging)- Water seeps into small cracks in rocks. When the water freezes it expands creating great pressure. The crack widens and allows water to seep deeper into the rock. (Robert Frost’s Mending Wall.)

  5. Plant action- Tiny root hairs seek out small cracks and pits in rock. Once the root hairs find a place they grow and expand. The expansion causes great pressure and cracks the rock.

  6. Exfoliation Rocks formed deep in the Earth are made under high pressure. When the pressure is released the rocks expand & crack. May also be caused by alternate heating and cooling of rocks by weather conditions.

  7. Abrasion- rubbing by other rocks.

  8. Oxidation- Oxygen in the atmosphere chemically reacts with minerals. ex.: rusting of a nail

  9. Water (hydrolysis) Minerals are dissolved in water. ex.: Halite, calcite

  10. Acid-Carbonic acid: C02 dissolves in rain water forming a weak acid.

  11. Acid Rain: Sulfur Dioxide in the atmosphere dissolves in rain water forming a strong acid (sulfuric acid). Wanna hear how acid rain was discovered?

  12. Time For a Lab • Take out lab 3-1: Stream Abrasion

  13. Rates of weathering will be influenced by: Surface area exposed - weathering occurs on the surface. More surface exposed, the faster the weathering will occur.

  14. A smashed piece has greatest surface area exposed. The interior can now be attacked. A full, solid block has the least surface area. The interior is safe from exposure.

  15. Rates of Weathering will depend on: • Mineral composition- some minerals are more resistant than others. • ex.:Quartz is resistant to chemical and physical weathering.

  16. Where is the rock more resistant to weathering? F A C E B D

  17. Where is the rock least resistant to weathering? F A C E B D

  18. You might also see it like this…

  19. You might also see it like this…

  20. Rates of Weathering will depend on: • Climatic Conditions: • Cold and/or dry climates favor physical weathering. • Warm and wet climates favor chemical weathering. • Frost action works best in areas where the temperature fluctuates wildly.

  21. Soil - The product of weathering • Soil- rocks, minerals (mainly sand and clay), and organic material (regolith and organic matter) • Soil forms layers of different characteristics called horizons.

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