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Brainstem and Cranial Nerves – 2

Brainstem and Cranial Nerves – 2. Human Neurobiology ANHB 2217 Avinash Bharadwaj Semester 1, 2006 Week 2. IV Ventricle. ICP. O. P. G. Cu. Medulla Oblongata. Central canal Cuneate and gracile tubercles. Inf. cerebellar peduncle Pyramid and Olive. Pons.

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Brainstem and Cranial Nerves – 2

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  1. Brainstem and Cranial Nerves – 2 Human Neurobiology ANHB 2217 Avinash Bharadwaj Semester 1, 2006 Week 2

  2. IV Ventricle ICP O P G Cu Medulla Oblongata • Central canal • Cuneate and gracile tubercles • Inf. cerebellar peduncle • Pyramid and Olive

  3. Pons • Basilar part, tegmentum, MCP MCP Tegmentum Basilar

  4. Midbrain Tectum SC Tegmentum SN Crus

  5. SC ST III RN CP SN C-Sp CP Nerve III and Midbrain • Oculomotor • “Extrinsic” Muscles of the eyeball : GSE • Nucleus close to the midline • Constrictor of the pupil (smooth muscle) • GVE : Edinger-Westphal nucleus

  6. IC Nerve IV • Trochlear nerve • A muscle of the eyeball winds around a trochlea (pulley) • GSE • Exceptional course

  7. MCP VI Pontine nuclei Nerve VI - Abducens • Nerve to the “abductor” of the eyeball • GSE • Nucleus close to the midline

  8. Nerve V : Trigeminal • Mixed nerve • Sensory : general (GSA) • Nucleus in all three parts of the brainstem • Motor : Muscles of mastication ++ (1st branchial arch muscles)-- Special Visceral  SVE • Nucleus in pons

  9. Nerve V : Trigeminal • Sensory • Mesencephalic • Proprioceptive • An unusual nucleus • Pontine (Chief) • Discriminative touch • Spinal Tract and nucleus (MO) • Touch, pain, temperature • Motor • Pons

  10. MCP VII Nerve VII - Facial • Motor : • 2nd branchial arch • Facial muscles ++ • SVE • GVE  glands • Taste : SVA Also general sensory…

  11. Pons • Relationships : VI, VII and V • Rostral level : Motor nucleus of V in line with VII MCP V VII VI Pontine nuclei • Pontine nuclei :Cerebrum-cerebellum connection (Motor system)

  12. ICP P P Nerve VIII : Vestibulocochlear • Cochlear nuclei • Auditory • Vestibular nuclei • Head position and movement • Both special sensory : SSA

  13. ICP P P Nerves IX and X • IX : Glossopharyngeal • General sensory : tongue + pharynx : GSA • Taste : SVA • Glands : GVE • Branchial muscle (pharynx) : SVE • X : Vagus : Wide area of distribution • GVE : Muscle of thoracic and abdominal organs, glands • Taste : SVA • Branchial muscle…

  14. Nerve XI : Accessory • IX, X, XI as a nerve group • SVE component of X : Fibres of XI • Nucleus ambiguus • Spinal root of accessory • Trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles • Developmental origins…?

  15. ICP V XI XII P P V XII XI Nerve XII : Hypoglossal • Muscles of the tongue • GSE

  16. Medulla Oblongata • Recognise landmarks • XII nucleus – close to midline • XI and V • Cuneate and gracile nuclei • Inferior olivary nucleus • Inferior cerebellar peduncle ICP V XI XII P P V XII XI

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