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Cell Division and Mitosis Explained

Learn the process of cell division and mitosis with detailed explanations, illustrations, and video demos for better understanding. Explore the connection between photosynthesis and respiration as well.

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Cell Division and Mitosis Explained

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  1. Warm up – 3-2-1 Countdown 3 – What are three differences between photosynthesis & respiration? 2 – What are two similarities between photosynthesis & respiration? 1 – What is the relationship between the two processes?

  2. Warm up - Photosynthesis • Identify the missing raw materials and products of photosynthesis: 4. 3. 1. 2. BrainPop Video - Photosynthesis

  3. Cell Division

  4. Cell Division Amoeba Sisters – Mitosis video WHY do cells divide (make more cells)? • To grow • To replace dead cells • To repair damaged cells

  5. Human Development • So, the division of cells is how we become multicellular!

  6. Cell Division/ Cell Cycle • Asexual reproduction – reproduction involving one (or a) parent cell • Cell division– a type of asexual reproduction where one cell divides and becomes two identical copies of itself. • Mitosis – a special part of cell division where the nucleus of the cell makes a copy of itself and then divides into two new nuclei.

  7. The Cell Cycle Foldable: • Tape the blank papers in the format on the next page. • Label each paper. • Draw arrows. • Write notes under each flap (from the PPT). • Illustrate each step on the cover of each flap.

  8. 1. Interphase 2a. Mitosis: Prophase 3. cytokinesis The Cell Cycle Pgs. 90-91 2d. Mitosis: Telophase 2b. Mitosis: Metaphase 2c. Mitosis: Anaphase

  9. BrainPop video clip: Mitosis

  10. 1. Interphase • Longest stage • Cell grows • Chromosomes are copied • Chromatids – the two chromosome copies • Centromere – region where chromatids are held together

  11. Chromosomes

  12. Mitosis - overview • Mitosis – process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes. • 4 phases: • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase

  13. 2a. Mitosis (Prophase) • Prophase = chromosomes “pair” up with their copy. • Prophase= chromosomes “pair” up with their copy. • Chromosomes twist, coil & condense into an “X” shape • Spindle fibers form • Nuclear membrane begins to break down

  14. 2b. Mitosis (Metaphase) • Nuclear membrane disappears • Chromatid pairs line up in the middle of the cell • metaphase = middle

  15. 2c. Mitosis (Anaphase) • Chromatids separate • Chromatids move apart to opposite sides of the cell • anaphase = apart • Cell becomes stretched

  16. 2d. Mitosis (Telophase) • Two nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes • telophase = two new nuclear membranes • Mitosis is over

  17. 3. Cytokinesis • Cell divides in two • Cells without a cell wall (ex: animal cells): • Cell pinches in two • Cells with a cell wall (ex: plants): • A cell plate forms between the two new cells

  18. Demo of Mitosis • See “Cells Alive” video/demo • http://cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

  19. WARM UP:Which phase of the cell cycle? • Interphase • Telophase • Anaphase • Metaphase

  20. Place the following Cell Cycle illustrations in order: A B C E D F

  21. Cell Cycle/Mitosis Review • BrainPop - Mitosis

  22. How many cells? How many chromosomes? (TOC #44) PARENT CELL Example: Human Skin Cell 46 Interphase– chromosomes are copied 92 Prophase - pair up Metaphase– middle Anaphase – apart Telophase – two nuclei Cytokinesis – cell splits in 2 46 46 DAUGHTER CELLS

  23. Review Question: A cell with 10 chromosomes undergoes mitosis and cell division. How many daughter cells are produced and what number of chromosomes do they have? • 2 daughter cells, 5 chromosomes each • 1 daughter cell, 10 chromosomes each • 4 daughter cells, 20 chromosomes each • 2 daughter cells, 10 chromosomes each

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