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Managing Programs and Projects Ethically. Principles on which Ethical Standards Should be Based.
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Principles on which Ethical Standards Should be Based • Managers need well-developed personal ethics standards, which must be applied in the context of the philosophy and culture of the program or project, and in many instances in the context of the philosophy and culture of the organization in which it is embedded.
4 Key Principles • Justice • “What is fair in this situation?” • Beneficence • Acting with charity and kindness • How does cost effectiveness compromise beneficence? • Nonmaleficence • First, do no harm • Respect for Persons
Respect for Person • Autonomy of person – people can choose how they live their lives • Truth telling • Confidentiality • Fidelity • Avoiding the notion that someone else knows what is best for other people… instead, let individuals be involved in their care to the extent they want to be
Confidentiality vs. Anonymity • Confidentiality – Right to privacy… information obtained is not disclosed/shared • Anonymity – Identity of respondents is unknown
Supporting Ethical Behavior • Obligations to make services available • Obligations between professionals and patients/customers • Obligations to third parties • Obligations between professionals and their employers • Obligations to the profession
Questions to ask… • Who will be helped by this? • Who will be harmed? • Are we at risk of violating anyone's rights, breaking promises, or undermining trust? • Are there other alternatives that are consistent with our existing commitments and obligations, and which would produce a greater balance of good over harm or no harm at all? • If the interests of some of our stakeholders conflict with those of others, whose ought to be paramount?
Exercises • Leeds School of Business cases • NPR “Ethicist” • http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4719495 • http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=3926466