Grade Nine Girls Sexual Education Day Three

1. Grade Nine Girls Sexual Education Day Three The Male Reproductive System

2. Question Box Answer the questions in the question box

3. What Is the Male Reproductive System? • Unlike the female, whose sex organs are located entirely within the pelvis, the male has reproductive organs, or genitals that are both inside and outside the pelvis.

4. The male genitals include • the testicles • the duct system, which is made up of the epididymis and the vas deferens • the accessory glands, which include the seminal vesicles and prostate gland • the penis

5. In a guy who's reached sexual maturity, the two testicles or testes produce and store millions of tiny sperm cells. The testicles are oval-shaped The testicles are also part of the endocrine system because they produce hormones, including testosterone (pronounced: tes-tos-tuh-rone). The Testicles

6. Testosterone • Testosterone is a major part of puberty in guys, and as a guy makes his way through puberty, his testicles produce more and more of it. • Testosterone is the hormone that causes guys to develop deeper voices, bigger muscles, and body and facial hair, and it also stimulates the production of sperm.

8. The Epididymis • Alongside the testicles are the epididymis (pronounced: ep-ih-did-uh-mus) 1: Epididymis2: Head of epididymis3: Lobules of epididymis4: Body of epididymis5: Tail of epididymis6: Duct of epididymis7: Deferent duct (ductus deferens or vas deferens

9. The epididymis is a set of coiled tubes (one for each testicle) that connects to the vas deferens. • Sperm formed in the testes enter the epididymis, where they are stored and they mature. • Final maturation is completed in the female reproductive tract.

10. The Vas Deferens • The vas deferens (pronounced: vasdef-uh-runz), is a muscular tube that passes upward from the epididymis alongside the testicles and transports the sperm-containing fluid called semen

11. The Scrotum • The epididymis and the testicles hang in a pouch-like structure outside the pelvis called the scrotum. • This bag of skin helps to regulate the temperature of testicles, which need to be kept cooler than body temperature to produce sperm.

14. Shrinkage • Sperm has to be kept at a temperature a few degrees below body temperature. To do that, the testicles are kept outside the body in the scrotum (or balls, if you have no class). • When exposed to cold, the scrotum is not able to keep the sperm at the correct temperature by itself, so the testicles are pulled into the body to keep them warm. • Technically, they do not shrink, they just move north. When the temperature rises, they drop back to their normal place.

15. Seminal Vesicles • The seminal vesicles (pronounced: sem-uh-nul ves-ih-kulz) are sac-like structures attached to the vas deferens to the side of the bladder. • Seminal vesicle secretions are rich in fructose and prostaglandins. While fructose may be an important energy source for spermatozoa, the role of prostaglandins is unknown.

16. Prostate Gland • The walnut-sized prostate gland, which produces some of the parts of semen, surrounds the ejaculatory ducts at the base of the urethra just below the bladder. • The main function of the prostate gland is to store and produce seminal fluid. • Seminal fluid is a milky liquid that nourishes sperm.

17. The Urethra • The urethra is the channel that carries the semen to the outside of the body through the penis. • The urethra is also part of the urinary system because it is also the channel through which urine passes as it leaves the bladder and exits the body.

18. The Penis • The penis is actually made up of two parts: the shaft and the glans. • The shaft is the main part of the penis and the glans is the tip (sometimes called the head). • At the end of the glans is a small slit or opening, which is where semen and urine exit the body through the urethra. • The inside of the penis is made of a spongy tissue that can expand and contract.

19. A guy’s shoe size • Penises come in different sizes, shapes, and colors. • These traits are hereditary, like eye colour or foot size, and there's nothing a guy can do to change that. • There is a lot less difference in penis size between guys when they get an erection than when their penises are relaxed (flaccid).

20. How does an erection occur? • When the blood vessels of the spongy tissue in the inner penis relax and open up, blood rushes in through the an artery to fill them. • The blood then gets trapped under high pressure creating an erection.

21. Erections • Erections can go away on their own or after ejaculation, the release of semen through the urethra. • Sometimes guys ejaculate at night while sleeping (these are called nocturnal emissions or wet dreams). • Guys may have several erections and arousal periods while in the REM (rapid eye movement) stage of sleep, the type of sleep in which most dreams occur.

22. Foreskin and Circumcision • All boys are born with a foreskin, a fold of skin at the end of the penis covering the glans. • Some boys have a circumcision which means that a doctor or clergy member cuts away the foreskin.

23. Circumcision • Boys who have circumcised penises and those who don't are no different • All penises work and feel the same, regardless of whether the foreskin has been removed.

24. Y X Sperm • Since sperm are short-lived, they must constantly be replenished • 1,500-per-second production rate Three main factors make up 'good sperm 1. Sperm count (more than 20 million per millilitre of ejaculate) 2. Morphology (shape of the sperm) 3. Motility (how fast and straight the sperm swim)

26. Lets Review • Male Reproductive Diagrams • Function • Questions