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HIV/AIDS: Population Study

HIV/AIDS: Population Study. By: Kalen Burwell and Saswata Sengupta. HIV/AIDS In Various Locales.

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HIV/AIDS: Population Study

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  1. HIV/AIDS: Population Study By: Kalen Burwell and Saswata Sengupta

  2. HIV/AIDS In Various Locales Experiment Questions: Does money and GDP weigh into the prevalence of AIDS/HIV ? Which nation is most severely afflicted by an AIDS epidemic ? Does the populations hit by HIV follow a logistic curve (In other words, does it level out or lead to a carrying capacity)? Hypothesis: Our hypothesis is that money does affect AIDS/HIV population greatly, with more monetary assets the disease can be contained successfully.

  3. HIV/AIDS Pandemic Population Dynamics: Case Studies-of Various Global Communities • *Human Immunodeficiency Virus may induce Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), an utter collapse of the immune system causing individuals to succumb to opportunistic infections. -Included perils are staphylococcus infections in addition to severe bouts of pneumonia. • SEM image of HIV-1 proliferating themselves from cultured lymphocyte. The bumps are where the virus is replicating. Note rapid rate of growth. By disabling these white blood cells, the virus stifles the functions of the immune system.

  4. Classification, Structure and Genome • HIV Family: Retroviridae (Retrovirus) Genus: Lentivirus -HIV is a retro virus which may lead to a failure of the immune system by progressing into AIDS. -It possesses the RNA genome and replicates using reverse transcription. -Lack of proofreading as in typical DNA replication, the viral rate of growth is rapid. -Mutations are readily observable, they counter vaccines or develop resistance to medication used to temper the growth of HIV. Problems caused by HIV internally (Methods of disabling immune system):. –Virii specialize and seek a particular variant or strain of cell to serve as a host for further virion. -Virii are intracellular obligate parasites, meaning that they require a living organism to sustain themselves (reproduce genes). Bacteriophages inject components of their respective genomes into host cells. -The HIV virus targets T-cells of the immune system, however it may lay siege to the lymphatic and nervous systems as well. T-cells or Helper-T cells are white blood cells that serve as sentries warning other white blood cells of pathogens. -By attacking a T-cell, the HIV converts it into a virus factory ready to explode. -When it does burst a legion of virii are released into the bloodstream. -In this fashion, virtually all T-cells may be destroyed. Once an individual’s T-cell count is below 200, or 14%, the person is diagnosed as having AIDS.

  5. Fluids that can transmit the Virus: • Blood • Semen • Ingestion of Large Quantities of Breast Milk • Secretions during sexual intercourse (fluids).

  6. Routes Of Transmission: • Unprotected intercourse • Blood transfusion • By Birth • Needles/Substance Abuse

  7. Fluids/Means Of Transfer That Do not serve as a carrier to the virus: • Saliva • Tears • Insects that subsist on blood • Fecal Matter (Stool)/Urine Waste Products *Note: Each of these substances contain trace amounts of HIV, however, not enough to cause an actual threat.

  8. Prevalence Of AIDS In Africa • The HIV/AIDS rates are concentrated in Sub-Saharan Africa, around 2/3 of patients diagnosed worldwide with the ailment reside in this area.

  9. HIV Rates in Sub-Saharan Africa Compared to the rest of the World:

  10. AIDS in America • AIDS is also a problem in America. While cases are less extreme as Africa, it still claims the lives of thousands.

  11. Africa 800 40 20 400 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Time (Month) Healthy : Africa HIV : Africa AIDS : Africa

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  13. Conclusion • We have found that money does affect AIDS population, but only to an extent. There are many other factors that influence AIDS population, such as: • Moral Principle/Ethics • AIDS Awareness classes • Widespread AIDS testing • Social Disparity

  14. Citations: • www.aidsinafrica.net (affiliation: Digital Media Design: Neil, Halloran.) University of Pennsylvania • The HIV Pandemic- Local and Global Implications: Eduard J. Beck, Nicholas Mays, Alan W. Whiteside, Joseph M. Zuniga. (RA 643.8, 2006) • www.state.gov/issuesandpress • AIDS In Africa: How the Poor are Dying Nana K. Poku www.direct.gov.uk/en/index.htm --> Directories: (www.avert.org) JSTOR Articles: From HIV infection to AIDS: Christel Kamp and Stefan Bornholdt • Advances In HIV Education and Prevention: Jeffrey A. Kelly • HIV/AIDS and Urbanization: Tim Dyson • Can Principles Of Evolution and Ecology Be Applied To The Problem Of HIV Infection and AIDS ?: Paul D. Powell • Mathematical Modeling Of The Transmission Dynamics Of HIV Infection and AIDS: A Review, Valerie Isham

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