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9.2 Notes

9.2 Notes. Depressants, Stimulants, Club Drugs. Objectives. Name and classify the commonly abused drugs. Depressants. Alcohol Barbiturates Tranquilizers Glue Sniffing. Alcohol (ethyl alcohol). Most widely used and abused drug in the US A $40 billion industry

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9.2 Notes

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  1. 9.2 Notes Depressants, Stimulants, Club Drugs

  2. Objectives • Name and classify the commonly abused drugs

  3. Depressants • Alcohol • Barbiturates • Tranquilizers • Glue Sniffing

  4. Alcohol (ethyl alcohol) • Most widely used and abused drug in the US • A $40 billion industry • Acts to suppress the CNS by affecting the brain’s control of thought and muscle coordination • Causes the user to display a wide variety of extreme behaviors

  5. Barbiturates • Downers • Five well-known derivatives include barbitals (amo, seco, pheno, pento, buta) • Yellow jackets, blue devils • Quaalude (methaqualone) • Non-barbiturate depressant acts as a sedative and muscle relaxant

  6. Tranquilizers • Produce relaxation • Does not impair higher order thinking • Reserpine and chlorpromazine used with mental patients to reduce anxiety • Miltown, Librium and Valium • Can cause both dependencies with repeated high dosages

  7. Glue Sniffing • Contain volatile or gaseous substances that act on the CNS • Toluene is solvent of choice • Others include naphtha, methyl ethyl ketone, gasoline, and trichloroethylene • Produce slurred speech, euphoria, impaired judgment, double vision • Not physically addicting it damages liver, heart, brain and can cause death

  8. Stimulants • Amphetamine • Cocaine • Club Drugs

  9. Amphetamines • Stimulates the CNS • Called uppers or speed • Increased alertness • Decreases fatigue • Causes loss of appetite • Most serious abuse is meth by IV injection • Evaporated form called ice, which is smoked • Other drugs similar are used for weight control • Phenmetrazine and Phendimetrazine

  10. Cocaine • Extracted from leaves of coca plant (erythrooxylon) • Original use was painkiller or anesthetic • Replaced by procaine and lidocaine • Sniffed or snorted • Crack = Cocaine mixed w/ baking soda & water , then heated & dried

  11. Cocaine • Stimulates alertness, energy, euphoria • As levels drop, causes depression, anxiety, and pleasurelessness • Only a small percentage are ever cured of habit • Can cause cardiac arrest, seizures, respiratory arrest • ¾ of the total cocaine smuggled into the US comes from labs located in Columbia, SA • Growers are paid $200 for leaves to make 1 lb • Refined it will bring $1000 • Street value will be $20,000

  12. Club Drugs • Synthetic • used at nightclubs, bars and raves • Ecstasy (MDMA) • Popular at rave scenes • Original patented as a appetite suppressant

  13. Club Drugs cont • GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate) • Rohypnol (roofies) • CNS depressants • Used for date rape and robbery • Cause dizziness, sedation, headache, nausea, and loss of memory • Ketamine • Used as animal anesthetic but causes euphoria in humans • Methamphetamine

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