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Computer interactions of low vision users

Computer interactions of low vision users. Contents. Low vision Studies Observing low vision users Visual impairment & HCI - work in progress Questions. Low Vision. Low vision.

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Computer interactions of low vision users

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  1. Computer interactions of low vision users Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  2. Contents • Low vision • Studies • Observing low vision users • Visual impairment & HCI - work in progress • Questions Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  3. Low Vision Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  4. Low vision “A person with low vision is one who has impairment of visual functioningeven after treatment, and/or standard refractive correction, and has a visual acuity of less than 6/18 to light perception or a visual field of less than 10 degrees from the point of fixation, but who uses, or is potentially able to use, vision for the planning and/or execution of a task”. World Health Organization working definition [1] Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  5. Low vision [1] • 285 million visually impaired worldwide • 246 million: low vision (63% over 50 years ) • 39 million: blind (82% over 50 years) • Elderly are the most affected • females are more at risk • 87% live in developing countries • 85% of visual impairment is avoidable Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  6. Causes of low vision [1] cataract (47.9%) glaucoma (12.3%) age-related macular degeneration (AMD) (8.7%) Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  7. Observing low vision users Study 1 Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  8. Observing LV users • Aim • How do user with LV use computers? • hardware and software • What other tools did they use and for what? • Value of computers • Identify non verbal communication Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  9. Observing LV users • 3 users (mean age 66 years) • Visual aids • Windows XP (2 users) • Zoomtext: screen magnifier / reader • Linux Suse • self configured fonts and settings • Magnifiers, audio & closed-circuit televisions (CCTVs) • letters, magazines, audio books reading magazine using CCTV Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  10. Observing LV users • Main usage: • Read email • Solitaire • www • Average time: • 10-30 min/day • Extended use tires eyes • Memorize keyboard shortcuts • Shaky hands Solitaire with full screen magnifier Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  11. Observing LV users • Main problems • Typing • Visiting new websites • panning to build mental model of website • Reading text from webpage • Loss of context • unaware of notifications outside the viewport • Portability Google search for “pörssikurssit”, user clicks on ad instead of first result, which is correct Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  12. Visual Impairment & HCI Work in progress Study 2 Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  13. Visual Impairment & HCI • Aim • What is the current state-of-art of research in low-vision computer users and their interaction with computers • What interactive interventions and technologies have been investigated in this domain in terms of design and evaluation • Based on the findings, what are the promisingdirections in this research area Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  14. Visual Impairment & HCI • Paper inclusion criteria: • Papers that deal with the nature of the diseases • Papers that deal with design and use (usability) of computerized technologies and accessibility software that low vision users use to improve their quality of life. • Empirical studies of low vision computerized technologies in the domain of HCI • Papers published between 1990 - 2010 Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  15. Visual Impairment & HCI 5. Keywords in tile or abstract • Age related macular degeneration / macular degeneration AMD / AMRD • Blind • Cataracts • Central scotoma • Corneal Opacity • Diabetic retinopathy • Glaucoma • Legal blindness / Legally blind • Low vision • Partial vision / Partial sight / Partially sighted • Vision deficiency / Vision impairment / Vision loss • Visually disabled / Visual disabilities / Visual impairment / visually impaired Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  16. Visual Impairment & HCI • Initially: 10 HCI Journals • Human Computer Interaction (6.190) • IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: B (3.007) • International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2.380) • User Modeling and User Adapted Interaction (2.345) • IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: A (2.033) • IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: C (2.016) • Interacting with Computers (1.698) • ACM Transactions on Computer Human Interaction (1.194) • Behavior & Information Technology (0.767) • International Journal of Human Computer Interaction (0.587) Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  17. Visual Impairment & HCI • Total results: 504 • 51 papers matched criteria (10.1% of results) • blind: 51% • cataract: 2% • glaucoma: 0% • macular degeneration: 6% • general: 41% Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  18. Visual Impairment & HCI • Extend and include • HCI conferences • Accessibility • Ophthalmology • vision impairment and QoL Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  19. Questions • Include conferences? • Review papers? • Data extraction • results only or review details? • Data synthesis techniques? • Any other advice? Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

  20. References • http://www.who.int/blindness/en/ Tersia //Gowases: Can low vision users benefit from eye tracking?

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