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Design

Design. What is design?. Design. What is design? What is a good design? How do you determine what a good design is?. Design. What is design? What is a good design? How do you determine what a good design is? What is involved in design?. Design. What is design?

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Design

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  1. Design • What is design?

  2. Design • What is design? • What is a good design? • How do you determine what a good design is?

  3. Design • What is design? • What is a good design? • How do you determine what a good design is? • What is involved in design?

  4. Design • What is design? • What is a good design? • How do you determine what a good design is? • What is involved in design? • Design stages? • Identify problem • Conceptual design, analysis • Preliminary design, analysis • Developing and evaluating prototypes • Detailed design, analysis • Is the design satisfactory?

  5. Design • What is design? • What is a good design? • How do you determine what a good design is? • What is involved in design? • Design stages? • Identify problem • Conceptual design, analysis • Preliminary design, analysis • Developing and evaluating prototypes • Detailed design, analysis • Is the design satisfactory? • How do you approach design? • Concurrent design • Brainstorming • Thinking about it

  6. Schematic Design Process

  7. Exercise: • You need to develop additions to a children’s swing set that minimize injuries. • What are some constraints? • What are some design ideas? • What ideas seem to be the best? • Why?

  8. Objectives Tree: Convenient, Safe, Attractive Transport System System Low risk of structural collapse Efficient, cheap design

  9. Morphological Chart: Potato Harvester

  10. Selecting Designs ByEvaluating Alternatives • List design objectives (e.g lightweight .easy to fabricate, maneuverable) • Assign each objective a relative weight (importance), with the weights summing to one if desired • For each alternative design, establish utility scores for each objective • e.g. 0-10, with 0 for a useless solution and 10 for an excellent solution • Calculate and compare the relative utility metric for each alternative by summing the product of each objective’s weight by the alternative’s utility score (inner product of the weight vector and the utility score vector). • This should provide a utility metric for selecting the most promising (highest-scoring) design alternatives.

  11. Evaluating Design Objectives

  12. Weighted Objectives Evaluationof Three Auto Designs

  13. Weighted Objectives Evaluationof Three Auto Designs

  14. Small City Car Alternative Design Evaluation Chart

  15. Example Automotive Subsystems 1.4. Body and Chassis 1.4.1. Body Electrical 1.4.2. Heating 1.4.3. Cooling 1.4.4. Body panels 1.4.5. Doors 1.4.6. Windows 1.4.7. Seats 1.4.8. Interior appointments 1.4.9. Gauges 1.4.10. Controls 1.4.11. Fuel supply 1.4.12. Finish 1.5. Suspension 1.5.1. Springs 1.5.2. Dampers 1.5.3. Control Arms 1.5.6Wheels and tires 1.6. Steering 1.6.1. Rack 1.6.2. Control Rods 1.6.3. Power pump 1.6.4. Power controls 1.6.5. Ball joints 1.1. Engine 1.1.1. Engine mechanical 1.1.2. Ignition 1.1.2. Fuel Injection 1.1.4. Engine controls 1.1.5. Emission control 1.1.6. Starting system 1.1.3. Cooling system 1.1.8. Charging system 1.2. Drive Train 1.2.1. Transmission (automatic or manual) 1.2.2. Propeller shaft 1.2.3. Differential 1.2.4 .Half-shafts 1.2.5. HubAssemblies 1.2.6. Power train control 1. 3. Braking 1.3.1. Master cylinder 1.3.2. Power Booster 1.3.3. Hydraulic lines 1.3.4.System sensors 1.3.5. Disc and caliper assemblies 1.3.6. Antiskid Braking System Electronic Control System?

  16. Design Considerations • Overall Contest Strategy and performance needs • System Design and Tactics • Auxiliary subsystems • Vehicles • Dynamics • Layout, weight • Stability • Sensing and Control • Heat dissipation • Power capacity/requirements/distribution • Thrust generation(wheels/tracks/propellers/jets • Drive mechanisms • Suspension (pneumatic tires?) • Maneuverability/quickness/response • Speed/drag • Blocking/Blocking, falling resistance • Flag handling • Vehicle form • Esthetics • Complexity/manufacturability • Ease of repair

  17. Physical Systems Losses Force Velocity Torque Power Energy Force Velocity Torque Power Energy Hardware System Conserve: Total power, energy, linear and angular momentum, charge Don’t Conserve: Force, Velocity, Torque, Position, Entropy Analysis: Mechanics, thermodynamics, strength of materials, electromagnetic theory, etc.

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