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Graphic Cuing Strategies to Facilitate Memory in the Workplace for Individuals with Cognitive Challenges and Autism Spectrum Disorders . BJ Gallagher PhD, CCC-SLP Speech/Language Pathologist Assistive Technology Specialist Friday, November 5, 2009 10:45 to 12:00 pm. Objectives:.
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Graphic Cuing Strategies to Facilitate Memory in the Workplace for Individuals with Cognitive Challenges and Autism Spectrum Disorders BJ Gallagher PhD, CCC-SLP Speech/Language Pathologist Assistive Technology Specialist Friday, November 5, 2009 10:45 to 12:00 pm
Objectives: • Discuss reasonable expectations of abilities for the completion of tasks. • Discuss assistive technology and its contribution to helping individuals maintain independence with daily activities. • Demonstrate the use of assistive technology tools in promoting independence. • Discuss the use of graphic cueing systems to foster memory. • Develop strategies for enhancing memory function.
Use of graphics to enhance memory • Use of Picture Communication Symbols (PCS), graphics or photos enhance conversation. • Can help with recalling names and activity sequences • Place on phones for dialing purposes • Topics boards with words and facts aid in word finding abilities in conversation
Wallet or Photo Albums Biographic - “I was born on December 1, 19 in Baltimore Maryland.” Family - My husband Brent and I have one son Brendan who lives in Littlestown, Pennsylvania.” Daily Life – “I wake up at 7 am daily. I get dressed before I have my tea. I go shopping on Mondays with Mary. John comes on Wednesday and brings his dog, Buff.” People I have worked with People who work here
Memory Book All examples taken from: Bourgeois, M.S. (2007) Memory books and other graphic cuing systems: Practical communication and memory aids for adults with dementia. Baltimore: Health Professions Press.
Low Tech PCS Intervention Strategies • Create a manual schedule using headliner and Velcro
Personal Communicators • The Personal Talker is a one message, ten second device with an attached protective cover. • It is pocket sized, has a large press-and-play button, and an enclosure for a picture, photo or written information.
Orientation • To a person – Use personal ID card, Medic Alert, self recognition with photos • To a place – Immediate location, community, specific locations, driving instructions, acute care • To Time – clocks, planners, reminder cards, reality orientation boards • Memory Aids • Written Instruction cards with or w/o pictures
Low Tech AT Strategies • Wear Name Badges • Use of photo albums with names attached. • Label cabinets with photos of contents. • Create bins with photos. • Create Step by Step photo instructions.
Low Tech AT Strategies • Create Social Stories using PCS and Photos • Create PowerPoint with sequence of the activity to be completed
Picture Activity Schedule Boards • First/Then token board. • To/Done token board. • Sequence/Reward token board. • Today's Schedule. • Schedule. • Weekly Chores.
Activity Action Plan • Develop a routine and stick to it. Advance planning can help reduce the risk of forgetting. • Create a place for everything and store everything in its place. • Get Organized • Utilize a Tote Bag or back pack. Plan ahead place things in the tote bag of Back pack that you will need for the day's activities.
Low Tech AT Strategies for Task Completion • Use talking calculators • Auditory-Visual Timers
Remember to request • An Augmentative Communication Assessment for oral communication and picture based items • and an • Assistive Technology Assessment for computer based or other items for memory, access, or writing.
General Considerations • Things to think about…
Hand Under Hand Technique of Assistance • It may be helpful to put your hand under the hands of persons when guiding them in a task. • You may need to remind them how to do something at first and then let them go on their own. • Let them do as much as they can do on their own.
Tips for effective communication • Body language and communication Your facial expression, your body language, the tone of your voice become extra important when talking and communicating to someone with neurological problems.
Environmental awareness aids communication • Is the lighting sufficient to aid communication? • In conversation, we usually look at the face and body of the person talking to us. It helps us to understand content and intent. Make sure you have some light on your face. AT Intervention: Full spectrum lighting
Speak slowly, calmly and distinctly. • For effective communication you need to balance distinctive speech without treating them as a child, without shouting or becoming angry with them if they do not understand. • Shouting also affects the tone of your voice and makes understanding more difficult. • Do not get angry even if you find yourself becoming frustrated. • It really does not help their self respect and confidence.
Give visual cues and write things down Envelope Guide Writing Guide Signature Guide
Use short, familiar words and simple sentences that clearly express what you want to say. • Use Picture Communication Symbols or photos to support your ideas. • Say it with symbols • Easy-to-use visual supports make communication possible for older adults who experience speech loss due to cognitive limitations, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, stroke and other illness. • Visual supports with pictures and symbols help elderly adults communicate their wants and needs to family members, nursing home staff and medical professionals. • Use the low tech and low cost communication aids and software below to make daily schedules, choice boards and more to help individuals actively participate throughout their day and minimize non-compliance. • http://www.mayerjohnson.com
Does the person have hearing or sight difficulties?Do they need any Assistive Technologies either low tech or high tech? • Make allowances for visual and hearing deficits. • Look into getting a medical evaluation and aids to assist communication.
AT Aids for being on time! • Vibrating Alarm Clock • Talking Alarm Clock
Taking Medication • Pill Box with Alarm
Vision Aids • Bar magnifiers
Communication Rights • All people with a disability of any extent or severity have a basic right to affect, through communication, the conditions of their existence. • All people have the following specific communication rights in their daily interactions. • These rights are summarized from the Communication Bill of Rights put forth in 1992 by the National Joint Committee for the Communication Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities.
Each person has the right to… • request desired objects, actions, events and people • refuse undesired objects, actions, or events • express personal preferences and feelings • be offered choices and alternatives • reject offered choices
Each person has the right to… • request and receive another person's attention and interaction • ask for and receive information about changes in routine and environment • receive intervention to improve communication skills • receive a response to any communication, whether or not the responder can fulfill the request • have access to AAC (augmentative and alternative communication) and other AT (assistive technology) services and devices at all times
Each person has the right to… • have AAC and other AT devices that function properly at all times • be in environments that promote one's communication as a full partner with other people, including peers • be spoken to with respect and courtesy • be spoken to directly and not be spoken for or talked about in the third person while present • have clear, meaningful and culturally and linguistically appropriate communications
Taken from… • From the National Joint Committee for the Communicative Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities. (1992). Guidelines for meeting the communication needs of persons with severe disabilities. Asha, 34(Suppl. 7), 2-3.
Thank you for listening My contact information: Dr BJ Gallagher 20294 Garrett Highway Suite 1 Oakland, MD 21550 301-387-5580
