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MODULE 1 Development & Purpose of Corrections

MODULE 1 Development & Purpose of Corrections. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS. A. Objective 1. 001: Identify the key points in the development and purpose of the history of Penal Systems. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS.

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MODULE 1 Development & Purpose of Corrections

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  1. MODULE 1Development & Purpose of Corrections

  2. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS A. Objective 1. 001: Identify the key points in the development and purpose of the history of Penal Systems.

  3. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 2. 110: Identify the key points in the development of Correctional Philosophy & Practices.

  4. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 3. 111: Identify the key points in commonly recognized goals of the Maryland Correctional System.

  5. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS B. Private Vengeance 1. An individual takes personal revenge for an injury or loss. 2. Punished the offender without recourse to the law, community, its mores or its leaders.

  6. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS C. Public Vengeance 1. Occurred to protect society 2. Injuries or crimes were dealt with in accordance with the law. (Police, Courts, etc.)

  7. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS D. Laws Evolved Because: 1. Practice reflected efficiency & productivity of society. 2. Provided a sense of certainty in the lives of the people. 3. Deterred persons from taking the law into their own hands.

  8. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS E. Historical Forms of Punishment 1. Punishment: the oldest practice in corrections. 2. Examples of Punishment a. Banishment b. Exile

  9. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS c. Mutilation d. Fines e. Execution f. Imprisonment g. Transportation

  10. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS G. Historical Penal Systems/Institutions 1. Walnut Street Jail a. First penitentiary b. Started by the Quakers

  11. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS c. Provided each prisoner with a Bible to read while serving penitence. d. First correctional entity to attempt to use imprisonment as a means to therapeutic change.

  12. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 2. Big Houses a. Built to relieve overcrowding b. Maryland Penitentiary 1811 & Maryland House of Corrections 1879 are examples

  13. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 3. First Reformatory (Elmira Reformatory) a. Provided educational & vocational programs for youthful offenders.

  14. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS H. Development of Correctional Philosophy & Practices 1. Probation a. Began in 1841 with John Augustus, Boston, Mass. b. Practice of supervision of inmates as an alternative to incarceration.

  15. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 2. Classification Process a. Began in 1930 in Illinois. b. Professional people brought into institutions to evaluate inmates individually.

  16. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 3. Minimum Custody a. Began in 1940 in California b. Changed the inmate’s custody level as part of the treatment process.

  17. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 4. Work Release a. Began in 1950 in N. C. b. Inmates allowed to work in private industries.

  18. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS c. Inmates’ earnings helped to offset the cost of incarceration. d. Provided inmates with money to aid the welfare of their families.

  19. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 5. Home Detention a. Started in Maryland in 1991 b. Subject to electronic surveillance. c. Alternative to incarceration.

  20. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS I. Goals of the Maryland Correctional System 1. Provide for the safekeeping of society by the safekeeping of offenders. (Most important goal)

  21. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 2. Provide for the protection, care & welfare of inmates. a. Provide adequate facilities for day-to-day living. b. Provide clothing, meals & medical services. c. Provide the inmate with protection from harm.

  22. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS 3. Provide suitable program for the rehabilitation of inmates. a. Self-help groups. b. Rehabilitation-an inmate showing more productivity & less danger after incarceration.

  23. DEVELOPMENT & PURPOSE OF CORRECTIONS c. Educational & vocational programs. 4. Establish and maintain an efficient correctional system. a. Standardized rules & procedures. b. Departments cooperating with each other.

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