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Snow line – where snow remains year round

Snow line – where snow remains year round. Formation of Glacial Ice from Snow. Forming Glacial Ice. Snow Firn Glacial Ice. Initial Form. 2 weeks. 7 weeks. 8 weeks. Glacier movement. When glacier reaches critical mass (> 20m thick), flow occurs. Ice Deformation with Slip.

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Snow line – where snow remains year round

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  1. Snow line – where snow remains year round

  2. Formation of Glacial Ice from Snow

  3. Forming Glacial Ice Snow Firn Glacial Ice Initial Form 2 weeks 7 weeks 8 weeks

  4. Glacier movement When glacier reaches critical mass (> 20m thick), flow occurs

  5. Ice Deformation with Slip Types of Glaciers Plastic deformation slip

  6. What happens as ice melts • Ice melt flows down to bedrock through crevasses and moulins (large tunnels) • Water between bedrock and ice sheet acts as lubricant • Allows ice sheet to move faster toward the coastline

  7. Ice movement-rate increases from~30 cm per day in winter to ~40 cm per day in the summer

  8. Terminus

  9. Advance & Retreat: Moraines

  10. Alpine Moraines and Till

  11. Moraine Types

  12. Anatomy of a Glacier

  13. Piedmont glacier

  14. Types of Glaciers – Piedmont & Tidewater Piedmont: Originally confined alpine, spread at foot of mountains Calving

  15. Different kinds of glaciers

  16. Ice extent Last Glacial Maximum (21,000 yr BP)

  17. Retreat of North American (Laurentide) ice sheet

  18. Different kinds of glaciers

  19. Ice cap and continental (ice sheet) Sentinal Range, Antarctica

  20. Ice cap (Vatnakjokull in Iceland) feeds “outlet glaciers”

  21. Greenland Ice Sheet

  22. Greenland

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