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Wayne R. Reed TUCSON Division 520-352-3311

Wayne R. Reed TUCSON Division 520-352-3311. OSHA Subpart P Excavations. Applies to all open excavations including trenches, pits, shafts, and other cuts made in the earth’s surface.

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Wayne R. Reed TUCSON Division 520-352-3311

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  1. Wayne R. Reed TUCSON Division 520-352-3311

  2. OSHA Subpart P Excavations Applies to all open excavations including trenches, pits, shafts, and other cuts made in the earth’s surface. It does not matter if an excavation is created with an excavator, backhoe, dozer, drill, trencher, shovel, etc. If excavating you MUST have a competent person in excavation safety

  3. OSHA Investigated Trench Related Fatalities (1985-2007) 68 67 61 58 53 53 46 46 43 43 40 38 38 38 37 36 36 35 34 33 33 31 29 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

  4. Definition: Cave-in Separation of a mass of soil or rock from the side of an excavation.

  5. Weight of Soil One cubic foot (12”x 12”x 12”) weighs between 90 to 140 pounds. One cubic yard (36”x 36”x 36”) weighs as much as a small pickup truck. 12” ONE CUBIC FT. 12” 12”

  6. Competent Person • Means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings, or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authorization to take prompt corrective measure to eliminate them.

  7. Competent PersonAs applied to excavations the CP must: • Be knowledgeable about the excavations standard • Be capable of identifying hazards • Have the authority to take immediate action • Know how to classify soil type • Know how to select and use shoring, shields, and/or sloping

  8. Inspections – Worker Exposure Excavations, adjacent areas, and protective systems must be inspected by a competent person: • Daily – prior to work • As needed during work • After rainstorm or other hazard increasing occurrence • Where hazards are identified corrective action must be implemented. Always document inspections.

  9. Soil Classification The competent person must make at least one visual and one manual soil test as a basis for soil classification. Unless the soil is considered to be 'Type C' and treated as a 'C'

  10. Every employee working in a trench or excavation over 5 feet deep must be protected from a cave-in by a protective system: • Sloping or Benching walls • Shoring to support walls • Shields to protect occupants inside when walls cave-in

  11. Sloping and Benching • When sloping or benching refer to the standard; • Type A Soil ¾ : 1 • Type B Soil 1 : 1 • Type C Soil 1 ½ : 1 • Type C Soil can not be benched

  12. Do you know the Soil Type?

  13. Hydraulic Shoring • Read tabulated data for each installation • Spacing between shores changes based on widths and depths of trench • No more than four feet from bottom cylinder to bottom of trench or 2’ from bottom of board to bottom of trench • Some Tabulated Data Sheets State that a complete system is working between 2 pressurized shores. “BE CAREFULL”

  14. Horizontal Spacing Figure No. 1 Vertical Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring (Spot Bracing) Vertical Rail 18” Max. Vertical Spacing Hydraulic Cylinder 4’ Max. Clyn OR 2’ Max. Board

  15. Trench Boxes • Can be lifted 2’ up from the bottom of trench as long as the box is rated for entire depth of trench. • Trench box must extend 18” above a slope • Must be installed to prevent lateral movement in the box • Used to the rated Depth! • Never inside the box when being moved vertically

  16. Tabulated data must be available at the jobsite during construction, setup, and removal of protective systems Serial # of shield Model # of shield Soil type Max. depth Limitations Soil description Must be certified by RPE

  17. When the excavation walls at the ends of the trench shield are not sloped they must be shielded as suggested by the manufacturer.

  18. Too many times the trench is not protected correctly….

  19. Access and EgressIn trenches 4’ or more in depth there must be at least one safe way to get in and out of excavations within 25 feet of each worker. Less than 25 ft. Less than 25 ft. >4'

  20. Ladders must extend 36 inches above the point of access. 36”

  21. How many ladders? ------------------ 100’ ---------------------- 25’ 25’ 25’ 25’ Exposed Trench

  22. Spoil Pile Spoil pile MIN. 2’ Spoil piles, materials, and equipment must be set back at least 2 feet from the edge of the excavation.

  23. Underground Installations • Must be located prior to digging • Determine the utilities exact location by hand digging or vacuum excavating only! • Support, protect, or remove utilities in open excavations • Contact utility company or facility owner if help

  24. Water = Cave-in Hazard These workers must be protected from cave-in. Note the water in the bottom of the trench. This is a very hazardous condition!

  25. Hazardous Atmospheres Trenches over 4’ Deep can be considered a confined space if hazardous atmosphere is present!

  26. Surface Utilities Must be removed or supported

  27. Workers must be provided with and wear warning vests or highly visible clothing when exposed to traffic. Exposure To Vehicle Traffic

  28. Subpart P - Excavations (1926.650 - 652) Employee protection in excavations - Protective system use Egress from trench Inspections by competent person Protection from falling/rolling materials Competent person inspection - Employees removed from hazard Number of Serious Violations - FY 2009

  29. Remember! • Workers must be protected at all times • Excavations 5 feet or more in depth must be sloped, shored, or shielded • Excavations less than 5 feet deep must be evaluated by the competent person • Read tabulated data on your shoring systems • Access and egress for all employees in trench 4’ or more in depth • Have a Competent Person on site! • Get trained today protect your company and your employees! Classes held by TUCA, ACT, ABA

  30. Hopefully this won’t be you when OSHA asks who the “Competent Person” is?

  31. NATIONAL UTILITY CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION TRAINING AVAILABLE THROUGH: N.U.C.A. • National Utility Contractors • Association of Arizona • (623) 582-6822

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