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Unit 5: A New Global Age

Unit 5: A New Global Age. Nationalism in Europe. Essential Questions: How did nationalism develop a sense of unity between countrymen, as well as competition between nations? How did nationalism lead countries towards imperialism? . Nationalism:. A feeling of sense or pride for your country

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Unit 5: A New Global Age

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  1. Unit 5: A New Global Age

  2. Nationalism in Europe • Essential Questions: • How did nationalism develop a sense of unity between countrymen, as well as competition between nations? • How did nationalism lead countries towards imperialism?

  3. Nationalism: • A feeling of sense or pride for your country • When good, will unite a country and increase productivity • When bad, allows hatred of and competition with other nations which lead to war

  4. (1) Otto and the Germans • 1862: Otto von Bismarck (Chancellor of Prussia) starts to unify Germany • Germany was conglomerate of 39 mini-nations • Similar culture, language and traditions

  5. Realpolitik • Definition: Realistic politics based on the needs of the people. • Follows: • Machiavelli’s ideas • Realism • Power, not morals • Is goal oriented, so it does not use a set of rules; the ultimate goal is most power!

  6. Bismarck Quotes: • “The less people know about how sausages and laws are made, the better they’ll sleep at night.” • “A generation that has taken a beating is always followed by a generation that deals one.” • “Never believe in anything until it has been officially denied.” • “The great questions of the day will not be settled by speeches and majority decisions—that was the mistake of 1848-1849—but by blood and iron.”

  7. “Blood and Iron” • Write down what you think “Blood and Iron” means.

  8. Process of Annexation

  9. Franco-Prussian War of 1870 • Otto von Bismarck leads Prussia/Germany against France • Napoleon III is unsuspecting • `Insulted at dinner by Bismarck, he then declares war on Germany • Germany is already mobilized • Conquer France in three weeks

  10. Germany’s march to Paris

  11. Second Reich: 1871 • Chancellor: Bismarck • Kaiser: Wilhelm I • Under both, the country industrializes • “Steel production multiplied by 12 in 30 years” • “Coal production multiplied by nearly five in 30 years” • “Manufactures multiplied by four” • “Exports multiplied by three”

  12. Lasting, progressive programs • Health Insurance Bill of 1883 • gave healthcare on local level to the middle class • Accident Insurance Bill of 1884 • Old Age and Disability Bill of 1889 • Gave a pension to retired or disabled peoples

  13. (2) Unifying Italy • Giuseppe Mazzini tries to unify Italy in the 1830’s. • Spurs national unity • Very close to a complete Italy, but are defeated by Austria in 1848

  14. Count Cavour of Sardinia • Convinced the French to help dispose of the Austrians. • Beat the Austrians back • United all of Northern Italy

  15. Giuseppe Garibaldi • Led 1,000 red shirts to gain control of the Kingdom of two Sicily's • Gained an united Southern Italy in 1860

  16. King Victor Immanuel II • First King of Italy in 1861 • Made peace with Austria • United all sections of Italy together • Made the Capital Rome

  17. (3) Russia and Nationalism • Russia had land and resources • Lacked ability to access their resources • Tsar Alexander II • Emancipation of serfs in 1861 • Creation of local governments led by zemstvos • Local officials were then represented in the Duma

  18. “Forced Nationalism” • Tsar demanded Russification • Everyone had to speak Russian, wear Russian clothes, follow Russian customs. • Russian Orthodox Church was only religion tolerated • Supported the Tsar • Russian officials also governed non-Russian zemstvos • Less than half of Russia consists of Russians • Others: Cossacks, Georgians, Mongols, Jews, Poles, Fins, etc.

  19. Russia Expands • Industrialization from 1867-1920’s • Allows Russia to gain several territories • Finland • Poland • Manchuria • Russia can build a Trans-Siberian RR

  20. Trans-Siberian Railroad • Started by Alexander II • Completed in 1905 • Stretches 5,772 miles • Connects East and West Russia • Physically unites as a nation!

  21. Expansion of the US • Manifest Destiny • Desire of America to expand from “sea to sea” • US expands through buying territory and war • 1803: Louisiana Purchase • 1845: Texas Annexation • 1846: Oregon Country • 1848: Mexican Cession • 1867: Alaskan Purchase

  22. American Civil War • Abolition movement • Frederick Douglas • Dred Scott Affair • Kansas-Nebraska Act

  23. Secession • 11 states “leave” the USA • Civil War: 1861-1865 • 13th Amendment • 14th Amendment

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