Digestion Unit Day 8

1. Digestion Unit Day 8 "He is happiest, be he king or peasant, who finds peace in his home."-Johann von Goethe

2. Today’s Agenda • Objectives 15 & 16 • List nutrients • Practice • Notes on objectives 17 & 18 • Daily Quiz

3. INTESTINE LARGE

4. Obj. 15 • Calorie: The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius. • Metabolism: Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body cell. • May be anabolic (building) or catabolic (breaking down.)

5. Obj. 15 • Nutrient: A substance present in food that is used by the body to promote normal growth, maintenance, or repair.

6. Carbohydrates: Cereals Grains Bread Pasta Digested in mouth & Sm. Int. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources

7. Lipids: Animal products Dairy Nuts Fats, Oils & Butter Digested in Sm. Int. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources

8. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Protein • Meats, Nuts, Fats, Oils & Butter • Digested in Stomach & Sm. Int.

9. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Minerals • Various Sources • Absorbed in Sm. Intestine

10. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Vitamins • Various Sources • Absorbed in Sm. Int. & Large Int.

11. Obj. 15 Nutrients & Their Sources • Water • Most Food Substances • Absorbed in Large Int.

12. Name the 6 Essential Nutrients • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Protein • Vitamins • Minerals • Water

13. Where would _____ be digested & absorbed? • Turkey • Watermelon • Chick-fil-a Chicken Biscuit • Spaghetti noodles • An egg • Hershey Chocolate Bar • Spinach

14. What’s Metabolism Again? • Sum total of all chemical reactions occuring in a body cell. • What chemical reactions can you think of that occur in cells?

15. Does energy for _____ contribute to BMR or TMR? • Exercise done in an aerobics class • Breathing • Kidney Function • Taking notes in class  • Cellular Respiration

16. Meal Planning Activity

17. What were the 6 nutrient categories we listed ? • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Proteins • Water • Vitamin • Minerals

18. Where are these digested? • Carbohydrates with starch? • Protein • Lipids

19. Where are these absorbed? • Carbohydrates • Protein • Lipids

20. Objective 16 (Proteins) • Carbohydrates---breads, cereals, grains • Lipids---fats, oils, nuts • Proteins---fish, chicken, beef, nuts

21. Objective 17 • Water soluble---B complex and C • Are absorbed along with water through tract. • Damaged by heat • Not stored, excess excreted in urine daily.

22. Objective 18 • Fat soluble---A,D,E, & K • Bind with and are absorbed with lipids. • Stored in body • Can build up to toxic levels

23. Obj. 18 Minerals • CALCIUM – Ca, milk, leafy veg., shell fish • PHOSPHOROUS---P—milk, eggs, meat, fish, poultry • MAGNESIUM—Mg—milk, nuts, cereals, veggies • POTASSIUM—K—widely found in foods, avocadoes, bananas, apricots, meat, fish • SULFUR—S—meat, milk, eggs • SODIUM—Na—salt • CHLORINE—Cl--salt

24. Complete nutrition worksheet.Turn it in when done.

25. Lets review a bit for the quiz. • Quiz is in 2 parts • Structures of digestive system • Major nutrients list and 2 questions over objective 15.

26. Which part of the digestive tract???????? • Begins mechanical digestion? • Is where most nutrients are absorbed? • Has no digestive function, serves as a connection? • Is the place where bicarbonate ions enter the tract?

27. Which part of the digestive tract???????? • Contains rugae? • Contains villi? • Contains vitamin producing bacteria? • Is where protein digestion occurs?

28. Which part of the digestive tract???????? • Is where starch digestion begins? • Is where bile is produced? • Is where bile is stored? • Is where bile enters the tract?

29. Which part of the digestive tract???????? • Is involved in Valsalva maneuver? • Has lowest pH? • Is where pancreatic enzymes enter the tract? • Contains the duodenum?

30. Time to take the quiz.

31. Digestion Unit Day 10 Nothing is so strong as gentleness and nothing is so gentle as real strength."-Ralph W. Sockman

32. Today’s Agenda • Progress reports • Notes on Objectives 19-23 • Anabolic/catabolic • Cellular respiration • Energy balance • BMR

33. Today’s Agenda • Turn in Progress Reports • Look at this week’s agenda • Complete Lab Questions • Notes on Obj. 19-24 • Calculate your BMR • Practice Objectives

34. Calorie lab questions

35. Objective 19 • Catabolic—chemical activities that break down molecules • Anabolic—chemical activities that build molecules.

36. Objective 20 • Cell Respiration—process by which food substances are broken down to release bond energy to form ATP

37. Obj. 20 cont. • Major Steps • 1. Glycolysis • 2. Citric Acid Cycle • 3. ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation

38. Objective 21 • Energy Balance (from food oxidation) is precisely balanced by energy output (heat, work, storage)

39. Objective 22 • Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) • Rate at which energy is expended (heat produced) by body per time unit under controlled conditions. • Energy needed to perform basic activities

40. Objective 22 Cont. • Total metabolic rate total rate of kilocalorie consumption to fuel all ongoing activities---voluntary & involuntary (bulk of TMR is BMR)

41. Obj. 23 Factors that influence metabolism • Age • Activity level • Sex • thyroxine level • action of foods

42. Obj. 24 Temperature Regulation • Body temperature is the balance between heat production and heat loss.

43. Obj. 24 cont • Heat is lost through radiation, conduction, and evaporation.

44. Obj.24 cont. • Hypothalamus acts as the body’s thermostat • Sweat takes away heat energy using it to convert water to water vapor.

45. Calculate your BMR following the steps shown on “Know Yourself”

46. Worksheet:Part A togetherPart B—independently