Canada Taking Action on Climate Change:

1. Canada Taking Action on Climate Change: The Canada Climate Change Development Fund (CCCDF) Satender Singh Foreign Affairs Canada

2. Introduction to the CCCDF • Established in July 2000 – part of Canada’s International Strategy on Climate Change • 5 year, $100 million initiative • funding committed through two rounds of project selections in August 2000 and May 2001 • currently partway through its fourth year • fully committed, and projects are into implementation phase • Administered by CIDA on behalf of the Government of Canada • supporting departments include EC, NRCan, DFAIT, Industry Canada, among others • implemented through Canadian Executive Agencies with partners in developing countries

3. Program Principles CCCDF was guided by a number of program principles that included: • support a broad range of climate change activities; • capitalize on comparative Canadian capabilities; • complement CIDA’s policy framework and country strategies and responsive to the needs of developing countries; • support new and additional programming; • demonstrate that there are important poverty reduction, local environmental benefits, health and welfare benefits from climate change programming; • aim to ensure that geographic equity and balance is achieved; and • maximize impact by leveraging other resources, both within CIDA and outside

4. CCCDF Goal and Program Areas Goal: To promote activities to combat the causes and effects of climate change while contributing to sustainable development and poverty reduction. Four Program areas: Emissions Reduction Adaptation Carbon Sequestration Core Capacity Building forClimateChange • Chosen because they are key issues in the UNFCCC and has strong links to poverty reduction and sustainable development

5. Current Activities • Portfolio: • 36 main projects (up to $5 million) in four programming areas • 6 small project funds to provide a more flexible and responsive mechanism: supporting about 50-60 additional projects up to $250K • 3 contributions to Multilateral Funds • Project activities in 52 countries throughout all regions of CIDA programming • Almost all projects have entered implementation phase • implemented by other Canadian departments, NGOs, private sector and educational and research institutions • Recently completed a Midterm Review • looked at challenges, results achieved so far, the value of the approach taken and lessons learned.

6. Program Area 1: Emissions Reduction • Objective: To help developing countries reduce the growth of GHG emissions • directly through the transfer of clean technologies, indirectly through capacity development • sectors targeted included energy, transportation, agriculture and waste • 15 out of 36 main projects • Some of the activities include: • implementing energy-efficiency measures in textiles, ceramic and metal mechanic industries in Brazil • partnerships with municipal governments in Latin America and Thailand to develop climate change policies and action plans • transfer of technologies including GHG inventory software, renewable energy and energ-efficiency technologies in Tunisia, China and India among others

7. Technology Transfer in the CCCDF • CCCDF aims to combine technology transfer with a capacity building approach • CCCDF technology transfer projects support our commitments under the UNFCCC - Article 4.5 • 14 out of 36 main projects include a technology transfer component • Through the CCCDF, there are many examples of transfers of clean technologies, including • enhanced carbon-dioxide coalbed methane extraction technology in China • high volume fly-ash concrete technology in India • natural gas burner technology for brick factories in Egypt • solar PV technologies in small communities in Argentina

8. Program Area 2:Adaptation • Objective: To assist developing countries in reducing their vulnerability and adapting to the adverse effects of climate change • Strengthening adaptive capacities at community, national and regional levels • focussed on planning for adaptation through information gathering and vulnerability assessments, preventive measures to reduce vulnerabilities and activities facilitating adaptation measures • consisted of technology and know-how transfer component in areas such as drought mitigation, agricultural food production, coastal zone management, water resource management and early warning systems • 7 out of 36 main projects • Some of the activities include: • guidelines for community vulnerability and adaptation assessments and action for South Pacific region • adaptation planning in the Caribbean that included climate change impact analysis for water resource planning boards, etc

9. Program Area 3: Carbon Sequestration • Objective: To contribute to carbon sequestration in sinks in developing countries • 7 out of 36 main projects • for the most part, these are grassroots community based natural resource management projects focussed on promoting sustainable livelihoods while providing opportunities to build climate change mitigation, but projects also include research and policy work • Specific activities include: • developing capacity in the use of GIS and remote sensing applications for carbon cycle modelling in China • Participatory Rural Appraisals to identify priority livelihhod needs, current use of resources and provide baseline information for land use planning in Timor Leste and Indonesia

10. Program Area 4: Core Capacity Building for Climate Change • Objective: To contribute to strengthening the capacity of developing countries to participate in global efforts to combat climate change • Creating an enabling environment for future transfers of technology • 7 out of 36 main projects, plus many small projects • Some of the types of activities include: • support to developing country governments, including China, for the completion of national communications • working with governments to develop climate change strategies and action plans in countries like Tunisia

11. A Capacity Building Approach • All projects within all program areas are being implemented using a capacity building approach • approach is consistent with the Capacity Building framework established in the Marrakech Accords • country-driven process • activities specific to the needs and context of the particular country • reflecting national sustainable development strategies, priorities and initiatives • learning by doing, and • strengthening institutions, amongst others • Identified as a program area in recognition of the importance of capacity-building for climate change

12. Building capacity for National Communications • Within the Core Capacity Building for Climate Change program area, several projects are undertaking activities in support of National Communications • Activities include: assessment of mitigation measures, inventories, institutional capacity building, and developing plans of action • Broad variety of techniques and approaches used including training workshops, technical assistance, short-term practical attachments, study tours, hands-on and application learning to name a few

13. Canada-China Cooperation on Climate Change (C5) • Project Goal: To strengthen China’s core capacity within government, research and academic institutions, industry and communities to address the issue of climate change • primarily through training and awareness-building to enhance capacities of Chinese government officials, researchers, industry representatives and citizens • Approximately C$ 6 million project in four activity areas: • Develop awareness and outreach tools, techniques and approaches in support of a long-term strategy to raise awareness of Chinese decision-makers, general public and ENGOs • Sharing Canadian experience in collecting, estimating and managing GHG data, and forecasting GHG emissions in support of first National Communications • Identify and assess impacts of climate change in support of an effective adaptation strategy for China and • Develop an operational model for Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project development and build capacity in china to employ the model.

14. C5 National Communication Component - Context • China is preparing its First National Communications • Preparing 1995 inventory of sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) – using IPCC guidelines • Also launching 2000 inventory and work on forecasting emissions • Assessing vulnerabilities and impacts of climate change

15. C5 National Communication Component – Expected Results • Ability and knowledge within the Chinese government and research institutions to develop and employ effective methodologies to: • develop inventory and data management systems for China; and • determine and forecast: fugitive emissions from oil and gas sector, emissions of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), perfluorocarbon (PFC) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and the emissions from aluminum production within China

16. C5 National Communication Component - Progress • Excellent relationship developed between the Energy Research Institute in China and Environment Canada • Study tour of Canada in January 2003 • participants met with agencies responsible for data collection (Stats Can), data management and upgrading (NRCan) and inventory preparation and publishing (EC) • Completion of report, “Preparation of a Chinese National GHG Inventory and Design of a Data Management System Framework” • Dialogue established with Natural Resources Canada on approaches to forecasting

17. C5 National Communication Component - Progress • Specific pollutants workshop and seminar • Objective of workshop: to expose Chinese scientists to the Canadian experience and systems for greenhouse gas (GHG) inventorying, monitoring and the interpretation of these data in the context of public debate and policy on climate change • Workshop addressed issues including fugitive emissions, emissions from specific sectors, and data needs and priorities • The first Vulnerabilities Impact Assssment (VIA) coordination team meeting held in November 2002 • established 2003-2004 work plan • decided that focus would be on northeastern China and natural resources, including agriculture and forestry • Supported participation of Chinese experts in technical workshops in Canada and elsewhere

18. Canada-Nigeria Climate Change Program (CNCCP) • Project Goal: To contribute to strengthening of Nigerian capacity to participate in global efforts to combat climate change • emphazise capacity building and training and building partnerships, including with local counterparts and experts from appropriate institutions to build permanent capacity • Four activity areas: strengthening capacity of federal institutions; public awareness; vulnerability and adaptation; and inventory and mitigation assessment • Implementation Strategy entailed: • setting up a project management team • use of principal consultants and experts • incorporation of collaborating institutions in project delivery • use of NGOs and civil society organisations to implement projects

19. CNCCP National Communication Activities- Context • Government of Nigeria began work on the First National Communication in 1998 with a GEF-UNDP grant • As of 2001, completion of the NC had been delayed due to elections, changes in government structure, etc. • CNCCP worked with Government to bring the National Communication to completion, facilitate inputs, approval process, editing, etc.

20. CNCCP National Communication Activities– Expected Results • Draft of First National Communication to the UNFCCC, including a National Plan of Action • Estimates of annual GHG emissions for the period 1994-1998 • Better archival and retrieval systems for inventory data • Learning opportunities in inventory and mitigation assessment

21. CNCCP National Communication Activities– Progress • Held regional and sectoral workshops on climate change - targeted education initiatives • Linkages developed with universities to work on inventories, adaptation, and CDM • Emissions inventories completed for 1998 and 2000 • Five Vulnerability studies commissioned and V&A training done • Climate Scenarios training and preparation on-going • CNCCP developed strong linkages between inter-ministerial climate change committee and stakeholder groups

22. CNCCP National Communication Activities– Progress • In Feb. 2003, Draft First National Communication (FNC) completed through national stakeholder workshop • Draft reviewed through Inter-ministerial Coordinating Committee July 2003 • GON’s Federal Executive Council approved FNC November 2003 • Action Plan not fully completed; 12 follow-on project concepts included in FNC • Nigeria’s First National Communication was submitted to the UNFCCC on Nov. 17, 2003

23. Concluding Remarks • National Communications are an important step in the process of engaging developing countries in the UNFCCC process • CCCDF projects are making an important contribution to building capacity for National Communications in developing countries • The capacity developed through these projects will enhance future engagement by developing countries in efforts to combat climate change

24. For more information on the CCCDF, please contact: Manon Boisclair Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) Phone: (819) 956-3298 Email: manon_boisclair@acdi-cida.gc.ca Website: www.cida.gc.ca/climatechange www.acdi.gc.ca/changementclimatique