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THE GROWTH OF ATHENS THE CLASSICAL PERIOD 500-338 BCE. Objective: To trace the rise & fall of Periclean Athens by indentifying actions of Pericles that contributed to both. I. THE GOLDEN AGE OF ATHENS DELIAN LEAGUE 478 BC ATHENS UNOFFICIAL LEADER NAVAL ALLIANCE BENEFITS & DETRIMENTS.
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Objective: To trace the rise & fall of Periclean Athens by indentifying actions of Pericles that contributed to both. • I. THE GOLDEN AGE OF ATHENS • DELIAN LEAGUE 478 BC • ATHENS UNOFFICIAL LEADER • NAVAL ALLIANCE • BENEFITS & DETRIMENTS
DEMOCRACY AT ITS ZENITH PERICLEAN ATHENS • INFRASTRUCTURE – PARTHENON • SIMPLE LIFE, SLAVERY, GENDER • DRAMA • PHILOSOPHY: LIFE ? IN RATIONAL TERMS • a. pre-socratics & sophists • b. Socrates (470 – 399 BC) – Socratic Method – general to specific • c. Plato (427 –347 BC) – The Academy & The Republic • d. Aristotle (384 – 322 BC) – primary aim of nature was perfection
The signal achievement of Greece was the willingness of some to treat questions of origin of the universe & life in rational not mythical terms
Socrates & The Socratic Method • DIDN’T FIT ATHENIAN MOLD OF PERFECTION (UGLY) • INDIVIDUAL MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE STATE • THE UNEXAMINED LIFE NOT WORTH LIVING • DRAW OUT KNOWLEDGE FROM PEOPLE THAT THEY ALREADY POSSESS • TRIED & CONVICTED FOR CORRUPTING YOUTH
PELOPONNESIAN WARS – THUCYDIDES’ ACCOUNTS 431-404 BCE • RISING CONFLICT B/W ATHENS & ALLIES 465-431 BC • SPARTA RELUCTANTLY DECLARES WAR “THIS DAY…BEGINNING OF GREAT EVIL FOR THE GREEKS” PLAGUE, 10 YEARS, TREATY, COLD WAR 442 BC – DEATH OF PERICLES ALCIBIADES 450-404BC CONTINUES WAR • DEFEAT OF ATHENS BY SPARTA & LYSANDER