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Coulomb’s Law

Coulomb’s Law. Two positively charged spheres will repel each other. The force will cause a deflection until equilibrium is reached. The apparatus can measure the properties of electric force. Electric Force. q. q 1. m,q 2. r. Closer spheres exhibit more electric force.

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Coulomb’s Law

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  1. Coulomb’s Law

  2. Two positively charged spheres will repel each other. The force will cause a deflection until equilibrium is reached. The apparatus can measure the properties of electric force. Electric Force q q1 m,q2 r

  3. Closer spheres exhibit more electric force. The electric force decreases as the square of the distance. This is an inverse square force. Compare to the force of universal gravitation Inverse Square q q1 m,q2 r

  4. Increasing the charge of either sphere increases the total force. Linear increase with either charge The force is proportional to the product of the two charges. Total Charge q q1 m,q2 r

  5. Coulomb’s Law • The force also depends on the material separating the charges. • Simplest material is a vacuum • Expressed as a constant k = 8.99 x 109 N m2 / C2 • Permittivity of free space: e0 = 1/4pk • The formula is known as Coulomb’s Law. • The sign of the charges indicates attraction or repulsion

  6. The electric force is a vector. The force acts in a line between two charges. The force one charge is equal and opposite to the force acting on the other charge of a pair. Multiple charges add their forces as vectors. Vector Force q1 q2 q3 q1 q2

  7. A hydrogen atom consists of an electron and proton at an average distance of r = 0.53 x 10-10 m. Find the relative forces due to electric charge and gravity between the particles. Useful facts: qe = qp = 1.6 x 10-19 C me = 9.1 x 10-31 kg mp = 1.67 x 10-26 kg From Coulomb’s law: From Newton’s Gravitation: The ratio is: Electricity vs. Gravity next

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