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This chapter explores the political, economic, and social changes in Japan, China, Southeast Asia, India, the Middle East, and Africa during the period of emerging national movements. It examines key figures, revolutions, independence movements, and the impact of colonial rule.
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CHAPTER 30 • EMERGING NATIONAL MOVEMENTS IN ASIA AND AFRICA 1920s to 1950s
Japan • Political and Economic Changes • Demands on China
China: Revolution and Republic • Sun Yat-sen and Revolution • Chiang Kai-shek’s “United” China • The New Culture Movement and Chinese Communism • Korea
Nationalism in Southeast Asia • Indochina • The Philippines • Dutch East Indies • Siam (Thailand) • Burma and Malaya
India: The Drive for Independence • Gradual Steps Toward Self-Rule • Gandhi and Civil Disobedience • The Continuing Struggle • The Hindu-Muslim Divide
The Middle East Divided • The War Years • Mustafa Kemal and the New Secular Model of Turkey • Iran • Arabia • Egypt • The Mandates • The Question of Palestine
Colonial Rule in Africa • The Colonial Economy • Social and Religious Change • “New Britains”: Kenya and Rhodesia • White Exploitation in the Union of South Africa Pan-Africanism