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Soundscapes , listening and attention

Soundscapes , listening and attention. PhD Meri kytö University of eastern finland Meri.kyto@uef.fi Realm of the senses / aalto 10.2.2014. LECTURE OUTLINE. Soundscape definition Soundscape Studies Acoustic communication Key terms Listening Attention Modes (intentionality)

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Soundscapes , listening and attention

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  1. Soundscapes, listening and attention PhD Meri kytö University of easternfinland Meri.kyto@uef.fi Realm of the senses / aalto 10.2.2014

  2. LECTURE OUTLINE Soundscape definition Soundscape Studies Acoustic communication Key terms Listening Attention Modes (intentionality) Dispositions Soundscape and sound art Phonography ”arranging”

  3. Soundscapestudies • Background of the field • The joy and challenge of multidiscplinarity • Some literature: • Schafer: The tuning of the world (1977) • Truax: Acoustic communication (1984) • Five village soundscapes (1975) • Acoustic environments in change (2009) • Järviluoma et al: Sata suomalaista äänimaisemaa (2004) • Augoyard & Torgue: A l’ecoute d’environnement: Répertoire des effets sonores (1995) • Expansive field: web resources

  4. World soundscapeproject • World Soundscape Project • Simon Fraser University, Vancouver (Canada), 1970s • Multidisciplinarity, radio programs, recording • Cultural meaning of sound, the positive approach • Local decision making • Change, sounds forth saving, soundscape design • Listening to the environment, pedagogy (”ear cleaning”)

  5. Fivevillagesoundscapes / acousticenvironments in change • 1975: Cembra, Bissingen, Lesconil, Skruv, Dollar • Methodological experiments • dB measurements, sound preference tests, listening walks, sound diaries, prominent sounds heard, traffic count • 2000: + Nauvo • Methodological update • Cultural research and ethnomusicology, change, memory studies, ethics, positionality • 2009-2012: Soundscapes and cultural sustainability

  6. ONE HUNDRED FINNISH SOUNDSCAPES • Sata suomalaista äänimaisemaa (2004-2006) • Idea from Japan: 100 japanese soundscapes (K. Torigoe) • Finnish Society for Acoustic Ecology + SKS, YLE, TaY, TY, JoY, TAMK, Sibelius-museum • Written proposals / descriptions, a competition • Recording and interviews • Radio programs and publications • Research • Archiving • Äänitys ja haastattelut • A new project coming up this year…

  7. ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION • Barry Truax 2001 • A theoretical frame for studying soundscapes from the point of view of information exchange • Key point: contextuality • sound are always listened to in context, not as sound objects • Listener as an active participant in information exchange, not as a passive receiver of sound data • Semantic continuum • speech – music – soundscape • Interaction between individual (community) and the environment

  8. ”The coat hanger”

  9. SOME KEY TERMS • Keynote • Soundmark • Sound signal • Acoustic horizon • Lo-Fi • Hi-Fi

  10. Noise • Silence • Schizophonia • transphonia • Sound event • Sound object • Pierre Schaeffer: objet sonore • Soundscape competence • ”home keys”

  11. METHODS? DISCIPLINES? • Hildegard Westerkamp: soundscape composition, listening walks • Steven Feld: acoustemology, ”styding in sound” • Cultural studies, music reseach, ethnography, athropology, sociology, urban studies, environmental studies, sound art, media culture, archeology, ecology, youth studies, gender studies, education, geography, urban planning / architecture • Sound studies • Auditory culture studies • Talking or writing about listening • Recordings, photographs, videos • Observation and documenting • Sensory ethnography

  12. listening Tuuri & Eerola 2012: 7

  13. Listeningattention • background listening • listening-in-readiness • listening-in-search

  14. DENOTATIVE Causal Empathetic Functional Semantic EXPERIENTIAL Connotative Kinaesthetic Reflexive LISTENING MODES REFLECTIVE Critical Reduced Tuuri & Eerola: Formulating a revised taxonomy for modes of listening. Journal of new music research 4/2012: 147.

  15. Phonography • ”Phonography as: activism; archive; autopsy; catharsis; composition; design; discovery; documentation; eavesdropping; habit; interpretation; interpose; forecast; mapping; overhearing; reportage; sensitization; simulacra; surveillance; tourism; ventriloquism; vivisection; yardstick ” (Phonography conference 2011) • http://www.chriswatson.net/ • http://kotisivu.dnainternet.net/hallilau/galleria.htm • Bill Fontana: http://www.resoundings.org/Pages/Speeds_of_Time_new.html

  16. Sound maps • http://turkukuuntelee.fi/ • http://map.europeanacousticheritage.eu/?page_id=702 • http://www.montrealsoundmap.com/?lang=en • http://fm.hunter.cuny.edu/nysae/nysoundmap/soundseeker.html • http://www.soinumapa.net/?lang=en • http://www.soundsurvey.org.uk/ • http://locusonus.org/soundmap/034/ • http://aporee.org/maps/ • http://www.bogonauta.co/

  17. SOUND PERFORMANCE / ART AS ARRANGING • Peter Szendy: Listening – A history of ourears (2001/2008) • Arranging: howdoyoulisten? whatdoyouhear? • John Cage: 4’33’’ • David Rothenberg: http://whybirdssing.com/ • John Oswald:http://www.plunderphonics.com/

  18. AUDIO BUT NOT ONLY AUDIO • Luc Ferrari: Presque rien (1968) Alvin Lucier: I am sitting in a room (1969): • http://www.ubu.com/sound/lucier.html • Hildegard Westerkamp: Kits Beach Soundwalk (1989) • Claude Schryer: Drone song from Vancouver soundscapes • Steven Feld: various documents ”A score for a hole in the ground” Christina Kubisch: electrical walks

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