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Malaria and it s Treatment in KSA

Malaria in KSA. Since 1948 anti-malaria activity started around the oil fields in the eastern province by the ARAMCO (Arabian American Oil Company).In 1952, The governmental malaria control project was initiated and assisted by WHO, mainly for the protection of the pilgrimage routs.. Malaria in KSA.

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Malaria and it s Treatment in KSA

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    1. Malaria and it’s Treatment in KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia MOH Malaria department

    2. Malaria in KSA Since 1948 anti-malaria activity started around the oil fields in the eastern province by the ARAMCO (Arabian American Oil Company). In 1952, The governmental malaria control project was initiated and assisted by WHO, mainly for the protection of the pilgrimage routs.

    3. Malaria in KSA In 1963 the government and WHO singed the first plan of protection as a pre-eradication program along the line of the world wide malaria eradication program. In early 1970s, Malaria transmission has been halted in the Eastern and Northern provinces .

    4. Malaria in KSA In 1980, it was cleaned out from the pilgrimage area of the western province and the main valley of Asir plateau. however there still residual transmission foci inside valleys of Hijaz-Asir mountens.

    5. Malaria in KSA In 1974, the malaria eradication program has been shifted to control as a result of the ecological and epidemiological situation in the country. In 1986, the malaria control program has been fully integrated in the primary health care units.

    6. Kindom of Saudi Arabia

    7. MONTHLY MALARIA CASES IN KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA 1990-1995

    8. Comparison between local malaria cases in Jazan and the rest of the region in the KSA 1994-1998

    10. Annual Malaria Cases Reported from Border Provences Related to Total Malaria Cases in Jazan Area

    11. Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in The KSA The drug policy is based on practical issues so as to meet the following: 1- Early treatment. 2- Stop or delay the spread of P. falciparum resistance to choloroquine. 3- Prevent resumption of transmission to areas free of local transmission. 4- prevent relapse in P.vivax & P.ovale infection.

    12. Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in The KSA Dependant on the malaria case being uncomplicated, complicated or sever the following management policy is adopted: First line: 1- for uncomplicated P.falciparum malaria cases are given a three day curative treatment with chloroquine: 1st & 2nd day 10mg base/kg and 5mg base/kg for the 3rd day + a single dose of primaquine 0.5mg/kg or 0.75mg/kg

    13. Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in The KSA 2- A follow-up parasite count should (if possible) be made 72 hours after initial choloroquine dose to determine whether symptoms and/or parasitaemia have disappeared. for P.vivax & P.ovale infection chloroquine is given as P.falciparum.

    14. Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in The KSA Second line: For resistant P.falciparum infection Fansidar (sulfadoxine 25mg/kg & Pyremethamine 1.25mg/kg) is given in a single oral dose.

    15. Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in The KSA Third line: - For P.falciparum infection if there is no response to Fansidar then shift to Mefloquine 15mg/kg single or better split oral dose. If no response then shift to Quinine dihydrochloraide 10mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 days accompanied by Tetracycline 4mg/kg every 6 hours for 7 days.

    16. Guidelines for Treatment of Malaria in The KSA For complicated and sever cases patients should be treated in hospital parentrally as follows: - Quinine dihydrochloride 20mg/kg as a loading dose over 4 hours, in 5% dextrose solution followed by: Quinine dihydrochloride 10mg/kg as maintenance dose over 4 hours repeated every 8-12 hours until the patient can take oral medication.

    17. Resistance of P.falciparum in KSA The result of the annual random screening indicate that P.falciparum strains showing CQ resistance in vitro become increasingly common in the Jazan region of south-west SA between 1986 and 1998.

    18. Resistance of P.falciparum in KSA SA was considered to be in zone A (CQ sensitive) till 1997. In 1997 in vitro studies in NCTR in Jazan Area show 38% of P.falciparum resistant to CQ.

    19. Resistance of P.falciparum in KSA

    20. Resistance of P.falciparum in KSA In SA the CQ resistance fully aware. Alternative treatment have been made available. Although CQ remains the first line drug for uncomplicated malaria.

    21. Thank you

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