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October 30, 2009

October 30, 2009. EXAM #3 HAS BEEN MOVED TO MONDAY, NOVEMBER 9 TH. The First Three Quantum Numbers. n, l, and m l are integers n = principal quantum # = 1, 2, 3, … n tells us the size/energy of the orbital l = angular momentum quantum # = 0, 1, 2, …, n -1

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October 30, 2009

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  1. October 30, 2009 EXAM #3 HAS BEEN MOVED TO MONDAY, NOVEMBER 9TH

  2. The First Three Quantum Numbers • n, l, and ml are integers • n = principal quantum # = 1, 2, 3, … n tells us the size/energy of the orbital • l = angular momentum quantum # = 0, 1, 2, …, n-1 l tells us the shape of the orbital- s,p,d,f… • ml = magnetic quantum number = –l to l ml describes the orientation of the orbital

  3. Hydrogen

  4. Nodes

  5. Nodes, Revisited # of planar nodes = l # of spherical nodes = n – l – 1 Total # nodes = n – 1 • Example: 3d orbital

  6. What orbital has these quantum numbers?n = 3, l = 2, ml = -1 • 4p • 3d • 3p • 1d • 2f 0

  7. What are the quantum numbers for the 5dxy orbital? • n = 5, l = 2, ml = 0 • n = 5, l = -2, ml = 3 • n = 4, l = 2, ml = 2 • n = 5, l = 3, ml = 0 • n = 5, l = 2, ml = -5 0

  8. Which is not a valid set of quantum numbers? • n = 4, l = 1, ml = -1 • n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0 • n = 6, l = 5, ml = -5 • n = 2, l = 2, ml = 1 • n = 3, l = 2, ml = 2 0

  9. The representation 5d indicates which values for n and l? • n = 5; l = 0 • n = 5; l = 1 • n = 5; l = 2 • n = 5; l = 3

  10. What is the total number of nodes for the 5d orbital? • 0 • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

  11. How many spherical nodes does a 5d orbital have? • 0 • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

  12. How many planar nodes does a 5d orbital have? • 0 • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4

  13. The Fourth Quantum Number • n, l, and ml are integers • n = principal quantum # = 1, 2, 3, … n tells us the size/energy of the orbital • l = angular momentum quantum # = 0, 1, 2, …, n-1 l tells us the shape of the orbital- s,p,d,f… • ml = magnetic quantum number = –l to l ml describes the orientation of the orbital • ms is not an integer • ms= spin quantum number = - ½ or ½

  14. Electrons Spin • Classical physics a spinning charge creates a magnetic field • Electron spin* is quantized; the two states are called “spin up” and “spin down” *Electrons are described by quantum physics and don’t really “spin”

  15. Electron Spin is the Source of Magnetism in Materials • Diamagnetic • Paramagnetic • Ferromagnetic (“real magnets”)

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