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Literary Movement: Puritanism 1620-1750. Historical Context. 1620 Mayflower lands at Plymouth 1630 Puritan migration to New England 1692 Salem witch trials 1721 Smallpox epidemic hits Boston 1740-45 Great Awakening. Worldview. The Puritans wanted to “purify” the Church of England.
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Historical Context • 1620 Mayflower lands at Plymouth • 1630 Puritan migration to New England • 1692 Salem witch trials • 1721 Smallpox epidemic hits Boston • 1740-45 Great Awakening
Worldview • The Puritans wanted to “purify” the Church of England. • They wanted to return to a more simple form of worship, modeled directly after the Bible.
Worldview • The Puritan Credo (statement of beliefs): • Human beings are sinful by nature. • Salvation belongs to the elect, or God’s chosen, who can be identified by their virtue. • Hard work and worldly success are signs of God’s grace. • Education is essential in order to read the Word of God. • A person should be thrifty, modest, and simple. • Society should be ruled by covenants that parallel God’s covenant with his people.
Common Elements of the Literature • Puritans modeled their writings after the Bible. • They used their writings to explore God’s workings in their inner and outer lives. • Diaries and histories were the most common forms of expression. • Puritans favored a “plain style” of writing.
Famous Authors • William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation • Jonathan Edwards, “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” • Anne Bradstreet • Edward Taylor
“Here Follow Some Verses upon the Burning of Our House, July 10, 1666” About the Author: Anne Bradstreet • An immigrant, teenage bride • Married to a zealous Puritan who became governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony
“Here Follow Some Verses upon the Burning of Our House, July 10, 1666” • Literary Concept: An allusion is a reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or some other branch of culture. • Literary Concept: In an inversion, the words of a sentence or phrase are wrenched out of our normal English syntax, or word order. • Example: “When my friend’s face I see, happy I will be” (inverted) “When I see my friend’s face, I will be happy” (normal word order)
Vocabulary for “Here Follow” • Piteous • (adj): deserving of pity or compassion • Consume • (v): burn away; destroy • Vanity • (n): something valueless • Glory • (n): great beauty; splendor See EOL p. 95 for vocabulary in context.
“Here Follow Some Verses . . .”Assignment (on your own) Read the poem (EOL page 96-97) • Using Bradstreet’s own words, rewrite lines 1-10 and 27-30 without any inversions. • Use your footnotes to identify the allusion in the first half of the poem. • Write each vocabulary word in its own sentence (4).
“Here Follow Some Verses . . .”Assignment With a partner, do the following: • EOL page 98 • 1-4 • 10-14 • Your class notes and textbook will be helpful! • Turn in one paper with both of your names at the top.
Paraphrase-off • In small groups, paraphrase Bradstreet's poem. • You do not have to paraphrase every line…But, don’t leave out any of the content! • Put it in present day English
Homework Assignment • Read the handout about Puritans
“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” • About the Author: Jonathan Edwards • A “fire-and-brimstone” Puritan preacher, known for his extremism • Involved in starting the Great Awakening in the 1730s • “The Last Puritan”—Stood between Puritan America and modern America • EOL p. 104
Vocabulary for “Sinners” • Incensed (adj.) infuriated; angry • prudence(n.) carefulness • inconceivable(adj.) unimaginable; beyond understanding • Loathsome (adj.) arousing hatred • mitigation (n.) moderation; softening
Assignment • Read “Sinners in the Hands” EOL p. 106-111 • Remember, Edwards was trying to persuade his congregation to reaffirm its faith. • Answer 6-8 on page 112 and do the “Writing Focus.” You do not have to write an essay; instead, please write ONE persuasive paragraph.
Test • Multiple Choice • Matching • True False • Short Answer • Short Essay • Puritan background lecture and highlighted handout • Info on Bradstreet and Edwards • “Sinners” and “Burning” and “Of Plymouth Plantation • Vocabulary from both • Native American Literature Characteristics • “Sky Tree” • “Coyote Finishes his Work”