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Bond Insurance

Explore the world of bond insurance, credit enhancement, and monoline insurers. Learn about municipal bond insurance, economic value, challenges, and insights for investors. Discover the impact of the financial crisis on the bond insurance industry.

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Bond Insurance

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  1. Bond Insurance https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  2. Merrill Lynch - CDO controversies • In April 2009, bond insurance company MBIA sued Merrill Lynch for fraud and five other violations https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  3. Classic car - Modern classics • In the UK the Modern Classic definition is open to the discretion often by Insurance Brokers and Insurance Companies who regard a Modern Classic as a vehicle that is considered collectible regardless of age.Firebond Insurance PLC Practical Classics Magazine advertising 1997 The usage of the vehicle limited to recreational purposes and/or restricted mileage, is also taken into account. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  4. Bond insurance • Bond insurance is a form of credit enhancement that generally results in the Credit rating|rating of the insured security being the higher of (i) the claims-paying rating of the insurer and (ii) the rating the bond would have absent insurance (also known as the “underlying” or “shadow” rating) https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  5. Bond insurance • The premium requested for insurance on a bond is a measure of the perceived risk of failure of the issuer. It can also be a function of the interest savings realized by an issuer from employing bond insurance or the increased value of the security realized by an owner who purchased bond insurance. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  6. Bond insurance • The economic value of bond insurance to the investor purchasing or holding insured securities is based upon (i) the additional payment source provided by the insurer if the issuer fails to pay principal or interest when due (which reduces the probability of a missed payment to the joint probability that both the issuer and insurer default), (ii) rating downgrade protection so long as the insurer is more highly rated than the issuer, (iii) improved liquidity, and (iv) services provided by the insurer such as credit underwriting, due diligence, negotiation of terms, surveillance, and remediation.[http://www.afgi.org/underwriting.htm Association of Financial Guaranty Insurers-Underwriting] https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  7. Bond insurance - Terminology • Companies whose sole line of business is providing a particular type of insurance, in this case bond insurance, are called monoline insurers.[http://www.afgi.org/monoline.htm Association of Financial Guaranty Insurers-Advantages of the Monoline Structure] Note that the insurance term “monoline” means only that these companies do not have other insurance lines, such as life or property/casualty https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  8. Bond insurance - Municipal Bond Insurance and the Monolines • Municipal bond insurance was introduced in the U.S. in 1971 by American Municipal Bond Assurance Corp. (subsequently renamed https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  9. Bond insurance - Municipal Bond Insurance and the Monolines • The 1990s then saw the combination of the municipal bond insurance business with the ABS insurance business, and also saw the expansion of bond insurance into Europe, Asia, Australia, and Latin America https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  10. Bond insurance - Municipal Bond Insurance and the Monolines • before being spun off in 2006 and subsequently renamed Syncora Guarantee Inc.; and CIFG (2001).[ http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G1-20103847.html New Bond Insurance Firm, American Capital Access, Insures Its First Primary Market Issue] PR Newswire, December 18, 1997[ http://www.publicbonds.org/major_players/insurers.htm BOND INSURERS], publicbonds.org, Corporate Research Project / Good Jobs First access 2010 4 11[ http://www.munibondadvisor.com/BondInsurance.htm Bond Insurance], WM Financial Strategies, http://www.munibondadvisor.com, access 2010 4 11 This era also saw the emergence of new reinsurance|reinsurers, such as Ram Reinsurance Company Ltd https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  11. Bond insurance - Municipal Bond Insurance and the Monolines • The financial crisis that began in late 2007 negatively impacted the bond insurers and even threatened the continued existence of some industry members.[ http://www.goodfinancialcents.com/is-municipal-bond-insurance-dead/ Is Municipal Bond Insurance Dead? ] by Jeff Rose on August 14, 2009, Good Financial Cents, goodfinancialcents.com accessed 2010 4 15 https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  12. Bond insurance - Municipal Bond Insurance and the Monolines • Continuing the trend of reorganization in 2009, Ambac ceased writing business and was ultimately split into (i) a “segregated account” subject to a rehabilitation order by the Wisconsin Office of the Commissioner of Insurance (“OCI”) and (ii) a “general account” for ongoing operations, limited to municipal bond insurance https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  13. Bond insurance - Monoline exposure to residential real estate • Bond insurance of residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) commenced in the 1980s but expanded at an accelerated pace in the 2000s, leading up to the 2008 financial crisis https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  14. Bond insurance - Monoline exposure to residential real estate • Unlike mortgage insurance, bond insurance generally provides for unconditional payment of claims, although the insurer reserves the right to pursue contractual or other available remedies https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  15. Bond insurance - Monoline exposure to residential real estate • Notably, AGM and AGC did not insure such CDOs, which has allowed Assured Guaranty to continue its bond insurance business with strong credit ratings. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  16. Bond insurance - Business model • Municipal bond insurance premiums are generally paid up-front as a lump sum; while non-municipal bond insurance premiums are generally paid in periodic installments over time https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  17. Bond insurance - Business model • In addition to credit enhancement, bond insurance provides other benefits to investors, including improved liquidity for the insured securities, surveillance of the underlying transactions, and remediation of the underlying transaction, should that prove necessary https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  18. Bond insurance - Business model • Until the 2008 financial crisis, the bond insurers suffered few material losses, with notable exceptions in the municipal sector including the losses experienced by Ambac in 1984 on its exposure to the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS), which was the subject of an adverse court ruling (see The History of Bond Insurance, below), and by MBIA in 1998 on its exposure to Allegheny Health, Education and Research Foundation (AHERF), which declared bankruptcy https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  19. Bond insurance - Business model • Some argued that if the rating agencies had rated municipalities on the same scale they rated corporations, then the municipalities would have been rated much higher to begin with, and thus there was no real need for bond insurance https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  20. Bond insurance - Business model • States to New Global Ratings Scale, by Lisa Lambert, April 19, 2010] Although penetration of insurance in the municipal bond market is far lower than when numerous triple-A insurers were active, the ability of Assured Guaranty to continue insuring municipal bonds at premium levels above historical averages is evidence that a market continues to exist for municipal bond insurance https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  21. Bond insurance - 1970s - 1990s • The first monoline insurer, American Municipal Bond Assurance Corporation (now Ambac), was formed in 1971 as an insurer of municipal bonds. Municipal Bond Insurance Association (now MBIA) was formed in 1973.[http://publicbonds.org/major_players/insurers.htm Major Players], publicbonds.org, Corporate Research Project / Good Jobs First, accessed 2010 4 11 The companies sought to help municipalities and other public entities secure better access to cheaper funding. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  22. Bond insurance - 1970s - 1990s • This proved to be a watershed moment for the bond insurance industry, igniting steady growth in demand for many years.[http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history/Lo-Me/MBIA-Inc.html Reference for Business, Encyclopedia of Business] https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  23. Bond insurance - 1970s - 1990s • The monoline insurers thus took over the municipal bond insurance market. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  24. Bond insurance - 1990s - 2000s – Expansion of structured finance activities • The 1990s saw continued expansion of the monolines into non-municipal and international sectors as U.S. domestic municipal bond insurance was becoming more of a “commodity.” See, for example, the 1994 BusinessWeek article on MBIA.[ http://www.businessweek.com/archives/1994/b337465.arc.htm Ninety-Five Percent Of Our Profits Are Locked In, BusinessWeek: May 30, 1994, Tim Smart, Charlie Hoots] https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  25. Bond insurance - 2007 – Subprime crisis and credit crunch • Structured credit issuance ceased, and many municipal bond issuers spurned bond insurance, as the market was no longer willing to pay the traditional premium for monoline-backed paper.[http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchivesid=aSt9mAsai4Mwrefer=home Muni Insurance Worthless as Borrowers Shun Ambac, Bloomberg.com, Dec https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  26. Bond insurance - 2009 and beyond • National remains poised to reenter the municipal bond insurance market upon successful resolution of pending litigation https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  27. Insurance - Property • * Surety bond insurance is a three-party insurance guaranteeing the performance of the principal. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  28. Chapter 9, Title 11, United States Code - Partial list of municipal bankruptcies • * 'Jefferson County, Alabama', November 2011, over $4 billion in debt (largest Chapter 9 bankruptcy until 2013 Detroit bankruptcy filing,) from sewer revenue bonds tainted by an interest rate swap bribery scandal with JPMorgan and county commissioner Larry Langford, and bond insurance credit rating collapse in the late-2000s subprime mortgage crisis, followed by the occupation tax being declared unlawful in Alabama https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  29. Interbank lending market - Increase in counterparty risk • Concerns about structured investment vehicles (SIVs) and Bond insurance|mortgage and bond insurers were growing https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  30. Indirect economic effects of the subprime mortgage crisis - Effect on municipal bonds and bond insurers • By Bond insurance|insuring municipal bond issues, those bonds achieve higher debt ratings https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  31. Subprime crisis impact timeline - 1980ndash;1989 • * The RTC decides to sell the massive amount of bad real estate debt it holds to investors. In order to do this, it decides to use the tools of securitization and structured finance, such as overcollateralization, bond insurance, and subordination (finance)|subordination. This results in transforming the bad debt into various new products that had high enough ratings to attract investors. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  32. Magnetar Capital - Tavakoli • In her diagram of the capital structure, she noted that the bond insurance|Monoline insurers were major investors https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  33. Greek financial crisis - Hedge funds • Their reluctance to take losses stems from their reckoned investment strategy, which would bring profit from a formal default on Greek bonds via a pay-out from the Credit default swap|bond insurance https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  34. Berkshire Hathaway Assurance • 'Berkshire Hathaway Assurance' is a bond insurance company created by Berkshire Hathaway, Inc. in December, 2007. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  35. Berkshire Hathaway Assurance - History • Berkshire created this government bond insurance company in December, 2007 to insure Municipal bond|municipal and state bonds https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  36. Detroit bankruptcy - From bankruptcy filing to eligibility ruling • Notably, bondholder representatives and municipal bond insurance companies chose not to file an objection to eligibility https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  37. Mapfre - International Expansion • 2011. MAPFRE RE opens an office in Paris. MAPFRE Internacional becomes the majority shareholder of Middlesea Insurance (Malta). MAPFRE and Euler Hermes sign a memorandum of understanding to jointly develop their credit and bond insurance businesses in Spain, Portugal and Latin America. MAPFRE Asistencia sets up a subsidiary in Australia for travel insurance on line distribution. MAPFRE has direct presence in five continents. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html

  38. For More Information, Visit: • https://store.theartofservice.com/the-bond-insurance-toolkit.html The Art of Service https://store.theartofservice.com

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