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Online Referencing. To cite files available for viewing/downloading via the World Wide Web by means of Lynx, Netscape, or other Web browsers, provide the following information: · the author's name (if known) · the full title of the document in quotation marks
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Online Referencing To cite files available for viewing/downloading via the World Wide Web by means of Lynx, Netscape, or other Web browsers, provide the following information: · the author's name (if known) · the full title of the document in quotation marks · the title of the complete work if applicable in italics · the date of publication or last revision (if available) · the full http address (URL) enclosed within angle brackets · the date of visit in parentheses
For example, in a footnote: • Lauren P. Burka, "A Hypertext History of Multi-User Dimensions." MUD History. 1993. <http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/1pb/mud-history.html> (5 Dec. 1994). • In the bibliography: • Burka, Lauren P. "A Hypertext History of Multi-User Dimensions." MUD History. 1993. <http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/1pb/mud-history.html> (5 Dec. 1994).
Footnotes number superscript First name, Last name: Title underlined or Italicized, place of publication, publisher, date, pages. I.E., 1 Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Science and Human Behavior (N.Y.: The Free Press, 1953), 6 and 23. 2 Mortimer J. Adler. A Vision of the Future: Twelve Ideas for a Better Life and a Better Society (N.Y.: Macmillan. 1984), 75. 3 Aristotle, Metaphysics, I, 1 and 2. Also see Plato: Republic, VII, 533c.
Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae II-II: 1, 4. • Summa II-II: 11, 1. • J.P. Sartre, Being and Nothingness, trans. H. E. Barnes (N.Y.: Washington Square Press, 1966), 757. • Ibid., 755. • 7. Lauren P. Burka, "A Hypertext History of Multi-User Dimensions." MUD History. 1993. <http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/1pb/mud-history.html> (5 Dec. 1994).
Use of Ibid, Op Cit, and Loc cit Ibid., short for the Latin "Ibidem", meaning "The same". So, Ibid., refers to the same author and source (e.g. book, journal) as the immediately preceding reference. For example: 11 Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Science and Human Behavior (N.Y.: The Free Press, 1953), 6 and 23. 12 Ibid., p. 30 Note: Make sure Ibid is underlined or italicized, followed by a period and comma.
Op cit., Short for the latin "opus citatum", meaning "the work cited". This is used in footnotes to refer the reader to an earlier citation.(ibid refers readers to the immediately preceding citation.) Last name of author, op. cit., pages I.E., Skinner, op. cit., pp. 33-34.
loc. cit., means “in the same place”, that is, the same work and the same page. For example: 1 Burrhus Frederic Skinner. Science and Human Behavior (N.Y.: The Free Press, 1953), 6 and 23. 2 Mortimer J. Adler. A Vision of the Future: Twelve Ideas for a Better Life and a Better Society (N.Y.: Macmillan. 1984), 75. 3 Aristotle: Metaphysics, I, 1 and 2. Also see Plato: Republic, VII, 533c. 4 Skinner, loc. cit.
Bibliography Last name, First name: Title Italicized or Underlined (City: Publisher, Year). I.E., Elliott, Alfred and Ray, Charles: Biology (N.Y.: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1960). Ellis, Havelock: Studies in The Psychology of Sex, 2 vols. (N.Y.: Random House, 1936).
Here is an example of 3 works by the same author. One need not repeat the author’s name. • Engels, Friedrich: Dialectics of Nature; in Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism, ed. by Clemens Dutt (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publ. House, n.d.). • "Dialectics, Quantity, and Quality," Anti-Duhring (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publ. House, 1959). • "On The Question of Dialectics," Collected Works (Moscow: Foreign Languages Publ. House, 1958), Vol. XXXVIII. Note: The title of a journal article is in “quotations”, and the title of the journal is Italicized or underlined.
More examples: • Fodor, Jerry: "The Mind-Body Problem," Scientific American, January, 1981. • Forbes, R. J.: The Conquest of Nature (N.Y.: The New American Library, 1969). • Frankl, Viktor: "From Psychotherapy to Logotherapy, " Pastoral Psychology, June, 1956. • Man's Search for Meaning: An Introduction to Logotherapy (N.Y.: Washington Square Press, 1963). • "Meaninglessness: A Challenge to Psychiatry," Value and Values in Evolution, ed. by Edward Maziarz (N.Y.: Gordon and Breach, 1979). • The Doctor and The Soul (N.Y.: Knopf Publ. Co., 1955). • The Unconscious God: Psychotherapy and Theology (N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, 1975). • Frazer, James George: The Golden Bough, ed. by Theodor H. Gaster (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1961).