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What Role for Peer Review in Fostering Regional Integration? - Comments -

What Role for Peer Review in Fostering Regional Integration? - Comments -. Ki Fukasaku OECD Development Centre. 1 st OECD - Southeast Asia Regional Forum Jakarta  23-24 January 2007. Questions to Consider in Session III.

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What Role for Peer Review in Fostering Regional Integration? - Comments -

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  1. What Role for Peer Review in Fostering Regional Integration?- Comments - Ki Fukasaku OECD Development Centre 1st OECD - Southeast Asia Regional Forum Jakarta  23-24 January 2007

  2. Questions to Consider in Session III • What are the major challenges for regional integration in ASEAN? • Can Peer Review be useful for monitoring and advancing regional integration?

  3. Recap • Globalisation and regionalisation: is East Asia special? • Need for coherent policies to integrate all ASEAN countries (esp. CLMV) • Enhance the capacity of reviewed countries to engage in peer review • Where to East Asian regionalism? • Why Peer Review? (Or why not other methods?)

  4. Two Types of Regionalisation • Market-led Regionalisation, driven by higher-than-average economic growth and trade and FDI liberalisation both multilaterally and unilaterally [Lloyd 1992] • Institution-led Regionalisation, driven by the formation of RTAs and enhanced regional co-operation in areas other than trade

  5. East Asian and Pacific interdependence East Asian currency and financial crisis 9/11 and security Emergence of China and India Promoting growth through reform Slow progress in the WTO process “WTO plus” issues Increasing FTAs/EPAs in the ROW From Market-led to Institution-led Regionalisation in East Asia

  6. Where to East Asian Regionalism? • APEC Bogor Declaration (1994) : free trade and investment in the APEC region by 2010 (developed members) and by 2020 (developing members) • Embracing FTAs in East Asia • FTA/EPA bandwagons (Japan, Korea, China)

  7. Source: Drysdale (2006) East Asian “Noodle Bowl” of RTAs China Japan Republic of Korea Mexico ASEAN Taiwan Thailand Chile Philippines Study group Under negotiation Agreement signed In force Malaysia Panama Singapore Indonesia CER Australia USA New Zealand

  8. Where to East Asian Regionalism • From Bilateral FTAs to an East Asian FTA [e.g. Cheong 2003; Urata & Kiyota 2003; Plummer & Wignaraja 2006] • ASEAN to write a charter and to create the free trade area by 2015 • 2nd East Asia Summit agreed to launch a Track Two study on a Comprehensive Economic Partnership in East Asia (CEPEA) among EAS participants.

  9. 17 Co-operative Areas, including: Trade and investment Money and finance Energy IT Intellectual Property Food Health Environment Disaster prevention Development assistance 48 different groupings, including: ASEAN ASEAN + 3 ASEAN + CER ASEAN + India ARF East Asia Summit APEC ASEM East Asia’s Functional Co-operation at Different Levels

  10. ASEAN/East Asia: Cases for Regional Peer Review? • Scope • Participants • Ownership • Capacity building

  11. Thank you for your attention!

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