Ground Team Skills & Procedures

1. Ground Team Skills & Procedures Air and Ground Coordination Without Radios

2. Introduction • Air and ground team coordination is best arranged over the radio • Aircraft or vehicle radios can fail • Good idea to have multi-channel radio communications (two or more radios and frequencies) • We must be prepared to continue with the mission in the event of radio failure

3. Air to Ground Signals • Ground Crews • Spotters maintain visual observation of air cover at all times • Recorder keep time-position -heading record of aircraft • Deploy ground to air signals promptly • Be ready to move without delay

4. Air to Ground Signals • When signaling the aircraft will • Generally travel at under 100 MPH • Maneuver with all external lights on • Rotating tail beacon (if available) • Landing lights • Taxi lights Lights on - signalingLights off - normal flying

5. Air-to-Ground SignalsMurphy’s Method

6. Air-to-Ground Signals

7. Ground to Air Signals • Signal panels • Contrasting colors (orange, red, yellow) • 10-12 feet long • 3-4 feet wide • Place in open area

9. Body Signals

10. Strobe lights Signal Mirror Space blanket can act as a large signal mirror Shadows Pile rocks, brush or snow Scrap or tramp our trenches in dirt, sand or snow Smoke Signals commercial orange smoke hot fire with green leaves, moss or ferns Aerial Flares Other Signals

11. Signal Mirror Operation Reflect sun on nearby surface Look at reflected spot though hone Slowly move mirror to aim at target Sweep horizon slowly - flashes can be seen for miles Paulin Signals Fold in patters for different shapes Colors contrast with background Size: 6-12 feet long, 2-3 feet wide Other Signals