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This article explores the phenomenon of new psychoactive substances (NPS), also known as legal party drugs, which are predominantly sold online. It discusses the different channels for sales, including clear web and cryptomarkets, and highlights the opening and closures of web shops. The article also emphasizes the need for extended chemical screening and vigilance in order to address the significant clinical problem of poisonings and deaths caused by NPS.
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The challenge of new party drugs – • New Psychoactive Substances • SSAI/SFAI 2017
NPS - Legal drugs on the Internet • Sales mostly online from different web shops • Clear web: Legal internet shops (2013 EMDCCA indentified 651 web sales in Europe) • Cryptomarket - DeepWeb: The Onion Router (TOR)/Dark web: SilkRoad, Cloud 9, Hydra and others • Openings/closures 2014: 43 opened, 46 closed • Sales are not for human consumption • Research chemicals - Incense – Spice – Bad salts – Plant nutrition • Age limit • On sale before classification • Discrete delivery • Ignorance • Irresponsibility
New PsychoactiveSubstancesPhoneinquiriestoSwedish Poisons Information Centre – 2010-2016 Unknown/unclassified Opioids Numbers Others Year
Deaths come in clusters year 2009-2015 – seven clusters identified (77 fatalities) Krypton 5-IT AH-7921 MT-45 PMMA Acetylfentanyl Spice N= 9 (11) N= 13 N= 7 N= 15 (18) N= 5 (6) N= 21 N= 7 (12) 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
NPS - Conclusions • Extent of real consumption is unknown • In recent years a decline in classification of new drugs • Most NPS sold today are already classified • In recent years a decline in phone inquiries to poisons information centres • Poisonings with NPS still a significant clinical problem • 388 deaths between 2007-2015 in Sweden • Extended chemical screening is necessary (get to know where, who and how) • Deaths come in clusters • Different fentanyls are on their way…