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Contraceptive Methods

Contraceptive Methods. Abstinence. 100% Effective!!! No pregnancy scares No STD scares. Barrier Methods. Spermicides Condom Female Condom Diaphragm Cervical Cap Contraceptive Sponge. Spermicide/Contraceptive Foam.

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Contraceptive Methods

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  1. Contraceptive Methods

  2. Abstinence • 100% Effective!!! • No pregnancy scares • No STD scares

  3. Barrier Methods • Spermicides • Condom • Female Condom • Diaphragm • Cervical Cap • Contraceptive Sponge

  4. Spermicide/Contraceptive Foam • Foam inserted into vagina destroying sperm and blocks fluids from entering the cervix • Adv: buy over the counter, can be put in up to 20 min. before intercourse • Dis: can be irritating, messy, no protection against STD’s • Effectiveness: 94%/85%

  5. Cream, gel, foam, film, and suppositories Most spermicides contain nonoxynol-9, a chemical that kills sperm. Spermicides can be used alone but are more effective when used with another method of birth control such as a condom or diaphragm. 74% Effective Spermicide (foam)

  6. Condom • Latex/natural/plastic membranes sheath which holds ejaculated fluids • Adv: protects against pregnancy and STD’s, inexpensive • Dis: Does NOT protect against ALL STD’s, holes can produce, must pull out right after ejaculation • Effectiveness: 97%/86%

  7. Thin Rubber or latex 86-90% Effective Can break or slip off One-time use

  8. Female Condom • Thin, plastic sheath inserted into the vagina • Adv: no prescription needed, can put in hours before intercourse • Dis: can be hard to use, expensive, difficult to find at most stores • Effectiveness: 95%/79%

  9. 79-95% Effective One-time use Can break Incorrect use decreases effectiveness Female Condom

  10. VCF-vaginal contraceptive film • 2”x2” thin sheet with a chemical that kills sperm-dissolves when placed in cervix • Adv: simple, no mess, no prescription, may be used with condoms • Dis: no proof against STD’s • Effectiveness: 94%/84%

  11. Diaphragm • Rubber disc inserted into the vagina to block sperm from getting into the cervix • Adv: can be inserted prior to intercourse, no mess • Dis: requires seeing a Dr. (must be measured for it), it can tear, increases risk of infections for females • Effectiveness: 94%/86%

  12. Dome-shaped latex cup stretched over a flexible ring; inserted into vagina Must be fitted by health professional Increase risk of bladder/urinary infections Diaphragm/ Cervical Cap

  13. Contraceptive Sponge • Soft, disposable foam sponge containing spermicide inserted into vagina and covers cervix • Adv: inexpensive, can be used up to 30 hrs. • Dis: can be difficult to insert and remove, must be left in for 6 hrs. after intercourse, NO protection against STD’s • Effectiveness: 89%/84%

  14. Hormonal Methods • Birth Control Pills • Hormone Injection • Hormone Patch • Vaginal Contraceptive Ring

  15. The Pill • Hormones keep egg from being released • Adv: lowers , regulates period, lowers risk of cancers, improves acne • Dis: must take pill daily, can cost a lot of money (if not covered by health insurance), NO protection from STD’s, have to go through at least 1 cycle for it to be effective • Effectiveness: 99%/94%

  16. Birth Control Pill • a daily pill that contains the hormones estrogen and progesterone that prevent pregnancy • Most combination pills come in either a 21-day pack or a 28-day pack. One hormone pill is taken each day at about the same time for 21 days • Over the course of 1 year, 5 to 8 out of 100 typical couples who rely on the Pill to prevent pregnancy will have an accidental pregnancy. Of course, this is an average figure and the chance of getting pregnant depends on whether you take your birth control pills every day. The Pill is an effective form of birth control, but even missing 1 day increases the chance of getting pregnant.

  17. Depo Shot • Hormone injection, lasts 3 months, stops ovaries from releasing eggs • Adv: effective after 24 hrs, no sex interruption • Dis: NO STD protection, injections every 3 months, weight gain, strange/no periods, takes about 6 months to get out of system, can be painful • Effectiveness: 99%/99%

  18. long-acting form of progesterone, a hormone that is naturally manufactured in a girl's ovaries. The shot is given as an injection in the upper arm or in the buttocks once every 3 months to protect a woman from becoming pregnant Over the course of 1 year, fewer than 3 out of 100 typical couples who use the birth control shot every 3 months will have an accidental pregnancy. The chance of getting pregnant increases if you wait longer than 3 months to receive your next shot. Birth Control Shot

  19. The Patch • Patch placed on body, releases hormones to stop ovaries from releasing egg • Adv: lowers risk of cancers, regulates period, acne improvement • Dis: must change weekly, costs money, NO protection from STD’s, 1 cycle must be completed before effective • Effectiveness: 99%/95%

  20. It releases hormones through the skin into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy. About 5 to 8 out of 100 couples will have an unintended pregnancy during the first year of use costs between $30 and $35 a month, although health and family planning clinics (such as Planned Parenthood) might sell them for less Birth Control Patch

  21. Nuva Ring • Circular, flexible ring inserted into vagina and releases hormones to stop release of egg from ovaries (about 2 inches in diameter—inserted once per month) • Adv: easy to insert • Dis: must be inserted in vagina • Effectiveness: 99%/94%

  22. inserted into the vagina, where it slowly releases hormones — the chemicals the body makes to control organ function — through the vaginal wall into the bloodstream. The hormones in the ring control the ovaries and the uterus. 1 year, 5 to 8 out of 100 typical couples who rely on the ring to prevent pregnancy will have an accidental pregnancy Birth Control Ring: Nuva Ring

  23. Other Methods • IUD • Natural Family Planning • Sterilization • Abstinence

  24. IUDIntrauterine Device • Object inserted through cervix and placed in uterus to prevent pregnancy • Advantages: Will last 1-10 years; no mess; nothing to insert at time of intercourse • Disadvantages: requires fitting by doctor; can come out; no STD protection • Effectiveness: 99%/96%

  25. Rhythm/Ovulation/Temperature Methods • Timing intercourse around ovulation to prevent pregnancy • Adv: free • Dis: hard to tell when ovulating, NO STD protection, requires record keeping, very little accuracy (you can still get pregnant even if not ovulating) • Effectiveness: 80%/75%

  26. Tubal Litigation • Fallopian tubes cut and tied; eggs can’t meet sperm • Advantage: No chance of pregnancy, nothing to insert at intercourse, can be reversed • Disadvantage: NO STD protection • Effectiveness: 99%/99%

  27. Vasectomy • Vas deferens cut and tied; sperm can’t be released • Advantage: No chance of pregnancy, nothing to insert at intercourse • Disadvantage: NO STD protection • Effectiveness: 99%/99%

  28. Abstinence • No sexual contact of any type outside of marriage • Advantages: • No chance of pregnancy or STD • Builds relationship • Disadvantage: • Effectiveness: 100%

  29. Ineffective Method • Withdrawal

  30. Withdrawal Method • Male pulls penis from vagina prior to ejaculation • Adv: free, no fluid deposited into vagina • Dis: not always easy to pull out, no STD protect, pre-ejaculation fluids • Effectiveness: 96%/81%

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