1 / 30

Older Adult Falls from a National Perspective

Older Adult Falls from a National Perspective. Judy A. Stevens, Ph.D. Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention National Center for Injury Prevention & Control ASTHO/NACCHO Teleconference May 25, 2004. Overview. Background & Impact Epidemiology Fall risk factors Prevention strategies

patsy
Download Presentation

Older Adult Falls from a National Perspective

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Older Adult Falls from a National Perspective Judy A. Stevens, Ph.D. Division of Unintentional Injury Prevention National Center for Injury Prevention & Control ASTHO/NACCHO Teleconference May 25, 2004 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  2. Overview • Background & Impact • Epidemiology • Fall risk factors • Prevention strategies • Current activities • Resources Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  3. Projected Growth in Older U.S. Population 77.2 70.3 53.7 39.7 34.8 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  4. Leading Causes of Unintentional Injury Death Among People 65+, 2001 ___________ NCHS, Vital Records, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  5. Falls • 35%-40% of people 65+ fall each year1 • Those who fall are 2-3 times more likely to fall again2 • 10%-20% of falls cause serious injuries3 __________ 1. Hornbrook, Gerontologist, 1994; Hausdorff, Arch Phys Med & Rehab,2001 2. Tinetti, New Eng J Med,1988; Teno, JAGS,1990 3. Sterling, J Trauma-Inj Infection & Critical Care,2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  6. Data Sources • Fatal falls – NCHS death certificate data • Nonfatal injuries – NEISS-AIP Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  7. Fatal & Nonfatal Fall Injuries Among People Age 65+, 2001 { 1% - Died 11,600 23% - Treated in ED & Hospitalized 373,000 1.6 million 76% - Treated in ED & released 1,260,000 Fall-related injuries ? Millions __________ Nonfatal falls: NEISS-AIP, 2001 Fall deaths: NCHS, Vital Records, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  8. Impact Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  9. Financial Cost (current dollars) In 1994, total cost of fall injuries among people 65+ • $27.3 billion1 Medicare costs for hip fractures • $4.7 billionin 19912 • $240 billionprojected for20403 __________ 1. Englander F, J Forensic Science, 1996 2. CDC, MMWR, 1996 3. Cummings SR, Orthopaedics & Related Res,1990 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  10. Quality of Life • 20% - 30% fear falling1 • 20% die within a year after hip fracture2 • 25% in a nursing home one year later3 • ___________ • Vellas BJ, Age & Aging, 1997; Friedman SM, JAGS, 2002 • Lu-Yao GL, AJPH, 1994 • Magaziner, J Gerontology: Medical Sciences, 2000 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  11. Fall Death Rates for Men & Women 65+ by Age Groups, 2001 Men Women __________ NCHS, Vital Records, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  12. Trends in Age Adjusted Fall Death Rates Men & Women 65+, 1990-2001 Men Women ___________ NCHS, Vital Records, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  13. Leading Causes of Nonfatal Unintentional Injuries Among People 65+ __________ NEISS-AIP, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  14. Nonfatal Fall Injury Rates for Men & Women 65+ by Age Group, 2001 Women Men __________ NEISS-AIP, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  15. Hip Fractures • 95% of hip fractures caused by falls • 2000 - 321,000 hospital admissions • 76% were women • 40% were age 85+ • Rates increase with age • Rates higher among women __________ Nyberg, JAGS, 1996 NCHS, National Hospital Discharge Survey, 2000 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  16. Risk Factors for Falls • Personal • Environmental Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  17. Personal Risk Factors • Older age • Female • Chronic diseases • Mental impairment Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  18. Personal Risk Factors (modifiable) Relative Risk • Muscle weakness 4.4 x • Gait & balance problems 2.9 x • Vision problems 2.5 x • Psychoactive medications 1.7 x ___________ American Geriatrics Society, JAGS, 2001 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  19. Environmental Factors (modifiable) • Clutter in walkways • No stair railings or grab bars • Loose rugs • Dim lighting Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  20. Interventions – What Works? • Comprehensive clinical assessment1 • Exercise for balance & strength2 • Medication management3 • Vision correction4 • Reducing home hazards5 • ___________ • 1. American Geriatrics Society, JAGS, 2001 2. Lord SR, JAGS, 2001 3. Cumming RG, Drugs & Aging, 1998 4. Ray W, Topics in Geriatric R Rehab,1990 5. Day L, BMJ 2002; Gill TM, JAGS, 1999 Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  21. Current Activities • Cooperative Agreements • California • Michigan • Washington State • Wisconsin • Extramural Grants • North Carolina - UNC • Tennessee - Vanderbilt Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  22. Resources for Fall Prevention Programs Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  23. National Resource Center for Safe Aging • San Diego State University • Collect, organize, disseminate injury prevention information • Serve public health professionals & aging service providers www.safeaging.org (being updated) Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  24. Publication No. NIH 99-4258www.nih.gov/nia Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  25. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  26. www.cdc.gov/injury Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  27. WISQARSTM (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System) • An interactive database system • Provides customized reports of fatal & nonfatal injury data www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars/default.htm Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  28. Tool Kit to Prevent Senior Falls • Fall prevention brochure • Home safety checklist • Fact sheets & graphs • Summary of research www.cdc.gov/ncipc/pub-res/toolkit/toolkit.htm Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  29. US Fall Prevention Programs for Seniors • 18 comprehensive programs in 12 states • Program descriptions & contact information • Contact information for 22 additional programs www.cdc.gov/ncipc/falls/default.htm Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

  30. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

More Related