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C&D DERIVED BIOMASS ENERGY FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT & OPERATIONAL ISSUES PRESENTED BY: Dammon M. Frecker Vice President, Energy & Industrial Services ESS Group, Inc. Wellesley, MA 781.489.1146 dfrecker@essgroup.com. www.essgroup.com. October 28, 2008. OVERVIEW . Project Concepts

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  1. C&D DERIVED BIOMASS ENERGY FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT & OPERATIONAL ISSUES PRESENTED BY: Dammon M. Frecker Vice President, Energy & Industrial Services ESS Group, Inc. Wellesley, MA 781.489.1146 dfrecker@essgroup.com www.essgroup.com October 28, 2008

  2. OVERVIEW • Project Concepts • Motivators & Incentives • Licensing Requirements • Project Developments & Operating Concerns • Existing & Proposed Projects

  3. PROJECT CONCEPTS • PROJECT SIZE: • Typically 15 – 40 MW • Balance revenue, fuel “risk”, technology and impact considerations. • 15 – 30 acres • Power island, fuel receiving and storage, water treatment, ash handling, administration • FUEL REQUIREMENTS • 20 MW Plant => ~600 TPD (~200,000 TPY) • “Clean”/”unadulterated” wood? • Limits on C&D Wood fraction?

  4. PROJECT CPROJECT PPPROJECT CONCEPTS FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTOR http://www.energyproducts.com/fluidized_bed_boilers.htm

  5. PROJECT CONCEPTS • IMPACT MITIGATION • Enclosed wood storage and conveyors • Pollution Control Train • SNCR (SCR?) for NOx Control • ESP, Fabric Filter (Baghouse) for PM Control • Scrubbers (?) for acid gas control • Carbon Injection (?) for metals control • Enclosed ash handling • Enclosed wood grinding • Dry Cooling? • Zero Liquid Discharge? • Rail Access? • LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION

  6. MOTIVATORS & INCENTIVES • MassDEP Waste Ban • Increased wood supply? • Renewable Energy Requirements • Programs in place in MA, CT and NY • Provide added revenue stream • Lower Cost Fuel Supply • Increasing costs of oil and gas • Opportunity for C&D wood tipping fee?

  7. MOTIVATORS & INCENTIVES • Climate Change/Greenhouse Gas Initiatives • Biomass combustion considered “carbon neutral” • Opportunity for offsets? • Production Tax Credits • Open-Loop Biomass approved ($0.015/kW-hr)

  8. MOTIVATORS & INCENTIVES • Fuel Diversity • Increased reliance on natural gas • Concerns with gas supply and oil costs • Energy Demand • ISO-NE forecasted potential shortfalls in ’07 and beyond • Motivate financial markets • Ability to feed load pockets?

  9. LICENSING REQUIREMENTS • Environmental Impact Assessment (e.g. MEPA) • Potential triggers: • Energy facility > 25 MW (ENF, EIR if required by Secretary) • Major Source of Air Emissions (ENF, EIR if required by Secretary) • Solid waste processing, combustion, etc. > 150 TPD (ENF & EIR) • Land Alteration> 25 acres • Rare species, hist/arch, ACEC – things to watch out for • Other agencies cannot issue permits until MEPA is complete • May take 6-12 months depending on Sectary’s requirements and availability of information. • Solid Waste Site Assignment/Permitting • Not required if: • No processing • Valid air permit • BUD

  10. LICENSING REQUIREMENTS • Air Permitting • Major CPA & Nonattainment Review (MassDEP) • PSD Review (EPA in MA and NY) • BACT, LAER, Emissions Offsets • Up to 190 day application review period • Air Toxics Impacts • Boiler MACT • Local Land Use & Zoning • Stacks (height, visual impacts, visible plumes) • Odors? • Traffic (30-40 trucks per day @ 20 MW + employees, other) • Water Supply & Discharge • 500-800K GPD Consumption (wet cooling)

  11. OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS • Is it “Incineration”? • Moratorium • New Source Performance Standards (Sub CCCC - CISWI) • Is it Solid Waste? • Mass – probably no, other states – probably yes • Is it Hazardous Waste? • Qualified Renewable or Legislated Illegal? • Is the wood “clean” (enough)?

  12. DEVELOPMENT CONCERNS • Securing Land • Time for Permitting • Purchase Power Agreements • Long Term REC Agreements • Supply and price uncertainty • Regulatory uncertainty • Securing the fuel supply • Financing! ($40-80 MM)

  13. OPERATIONAL CONCERNS • Maintaining Fuel Quality • Boiler fouling • Emissions • Ash Quality • Dispatch Order • Frequency of startup and shutdown • Wood pile management

  14. EXISTING FACILITIES • BioEnergy, Hopkinton, NH • 12.5 MW plant • Granted permit for C&D in 1984 • Significant local opposition, but demonstrated compliance • No Advisory Ruling or SOQ • Boralex, Stratton Energy Energy, ME • 45 MW plant • Re-tooling Advisory Ruling June, 2004 • 25% C&D • Greenville Steam Company, ME • Re-tooling (BFB) with Advisory Ruling & SOQ

  15. PROPOSED FACILITIES • GenPower – Hinsdale, NH & Uxbridge, MA • Two different Advisory Rulings • Emissions not specified • Projects announced with some opposition • Russel Biomass, Massachusetts • 50 MW BFB • “Clean wood waste e.g. construction & demolition wood waste” • Emissions not specified • EcoPower, Massachusetts • 20 MW plant • Advisory Ruling including emissions

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