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Chapter 13

Chapter 13 Understanding and Supporting Windows NT Workstation You Will Learn… About the Windows NT environment and its architecture About the strengths and weaknesses of Windows NT How to evaluate when Windows NT is the best choice for a PC OS How to install and customize Windows NT

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Chapter 13

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  1. Chapter 13 Understanding and Supporting Windows NT Workstation

  2. You Will Learn… • About the Windows NT environment and its architecture • About the strengths and weaknesses of Windows NT • How to evaluate when Windows NT is the best choice for a PC OS • How to install and customize Windows NT continued

  3. You Will Learn… • How to set up a Windows NT environment for a DOS or Windows 3.x application • How to use some Windows NT troubleshooting techniques and tools

  4. Windows NT vs. Windows 9x

  5. Windows NT vs. Windows 9x

  6. Features of Windows NT • Desktop performance • Hardware profiles • Internet Explorer • Peer Web Services • Security • OS stability

  7. Minimum Hardware Requirements for Windows NT • On an IBM-compatible PC • Pentium-compatible processor or higher • 16 MB of RAM (32 MB is recommended) • 110 MB of hard disk space

  8. Hardware Platforms Supported by Windows NT • Intel x86-based (486 or higher) processor (focus of this chapter) • MIPS R4x00-based processor • Alpha AXP-based processor • PReP-compliant PowerPC-based processor

  9. Not All Hardware Devices Are Supported by Windows NT

  10. The Windows NT Desktop

  11. The Windows NT Command Prompt

  12. The Windows NT Command Prompt

  13. Choosing Between Windows 9x and Windows NT • Does Windows NT support all the hardware devices on your PC? • Is the PC powerful and big enough to support Windows NT? • Will the software you intend to use on the PC work better under Windows 98 or Windows NT? • Is price a factor?

  14. Upgrading from Windows 9x to Windows NT • No automatic upgrade path • No transfer of system settings • Requires reinstallation of each application

  15. Registries • Main reason Windows 9x cannot be easily upgraded to Windows NT is that their Registries are not compatible

  16. A Choice of File Systems • FAT16 file system • Windows NT file system • NT does not support FAT32

  17. FAT16 File System • Used by Windows 9x and its predecessors • To manage data on a logical drive, uses: • Boot record • FAT • Directories • Data files • Advantages of FAT16 over NTFS • Uses less overhead • Backward compatible with DOS and Windows 9x • Can boot PC from a disk to gain access to drive

  18. Windows NT File System • Works only with Windows NT • Uses a database called the master file table (MFT) as its core component • Advantages of NTFS over FAT16 • Recoverable • Increased security • Supports mirroring drives • Uses smaller cluster sizes • Supports large-volume drives

  19. Master File Table

  20. Hard Drive Partitions

  21. The Dual Boot • The ability to boot from either Windows NT or another OS • System partition must be FAT rather than NTFS

  22. Windows NT Environment and Architecture • Goals of Windows NT • Room to grow • Portability to different platforms • Compatibility with other OSs and legacy software • Security • Performance and reliability

  23. The Modular Concept of Windows NT • Isolate one process from another so that a change in one process has the least possible effect on other processes

  24. DOS Analogy

  25. Windows 9x OS Analogy • Most analogous to Windows 9x OS

  26. Windows NT OS Analogy

  27. Core Components of Windows NT Architecture • User mode • Nonprivileged processor mode • Programs have only limited access to system information and can only access hardware through other OS services • Kernel mode • Privileged processor mode • Programs have extensive access to system information and hardware

  28. User Mode and Kernel Mode

  29. User Mode • Divided into different modules called subsystems • Environment subsystems • Integral subsystems

  30. How Programs Interact with Subsystems

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