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ORTOP

ORTOP NXT Robotics Techniques Workshop 2009 “Opening doors to the worlds of science and technology for Oregon’s youth” Goals Audience: Rookie coaches/mentors, experienced coaches & mentors Provide material that is immediately usable with your team

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  1. ORTOP NXT Robotics Techniques Workshop 2009 “Opening doors to the worlds of science and technology for Oregon’s youth”

  2. Goals • Audience: Rookie coaches/mentors, experienced coaches & mentors • Provide material that is immediately usable with your team • Gain experience with 3 motor robot & missions • More experience programming Mindstorms NXT • You should have already attended NXT workshops I & II and/or coached a team in a 2008 tournament NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  3. Instructor Contacts • Ken Cone • kcone@hevanet.com • 503-415-1465 • Dale Jordan • Dale_A_Jordan@msn.com • Leroy Nuckles • Leroy.a.nuckles@intel.com • 503-264-2088 • Jim Ryan • james.r.ryan@intel.com • 971-215-6087 • Roger Swanson • swanson@hevanet.com • 503-297-1824 NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  4. ORTOP Project Administrator Cathy Swider cathy_swider@ous.edu 503-725-2920 (after August 1, 2009) FLL Operational Partner for Oregon NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  5. Agenda • Introductions (5 min) • Slide Review (20 min) • Review mission video(s) • NXT Techniques lab exercises (90 min) • Distance sensor • Loops, Variables, My Blocks • Mission exercise • Review & questions NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  6. Our Mission • FLL is not just about building robots and competing in tournaments • Develop team member skills • technical • team building • research & presentation • Technical problem solving can be fun • The youngsters do the work • Introduce possibility of a technical career NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  7. CanDo Challenge • Simple project, but good learning tool • What did you learn? • Unexpected things happen – cans get caught under the wheel, it goes the “wrong” direction • Take it in smaller steps – “Let’s see what happens before it hits a can” • Mechanical problems may do you in • Clarify the “rules” – know the requirements • Experiment – “Just go try it. We can rework it.” • Keep it simple NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  8. Engineering Design Process Define theProblem Research theProblem Redesign Develop Possible Solutions Communicate Choose the Best Solution Test and Evaluate Create a Prototype NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  9. Building Strong Structures • Note how NXT parts are all pinned together using Technic parts • Here are three cross bracing examples • Ref: Minnesota HighTekKids.org “Robot Building” • http://www.hightechkids.org/coach-library NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  10. Gears • Gears • Spur Gear (show example) • instructor holds beam • class person turns axles and feels torque on other axle • tactile feedback = learning about gears and torque • Gear Ratio and Speed • turn the large gear one complete turn • How may revolutions does the small gear turn? • Is gear ratio the same as the ratio of gear teeth? NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  11. Gears • Gears & Pulleys • Worm Gears (show example) • one way transfer of power • Crown & Bevel Gears • turn 90 degrees • Spur Gears • change direction & change torque NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  12. Motors One Move block in the program controls both motors • The robot moves straight - motors will adjust speed as the robot moves • Try programming tests for straight and curved movements, adjusting the turn slider for each test • What happens at the extreme ends of the turn slider? • There are Move blocks and Motor blocks – Motor blocks allow ramp up and ramp down of speed(speed vs. time) NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  13. Base Robot Chassis • 3 motor base • Level, square • Screen location • Attachments • Nxtprograms.com • TriBot design, built in Educational Kit • Class comments on various designs NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  14. Program Memory • Firmware & programs stored in flash (like photos on a digital camera) • Maximum available memory is ~125KB • Firmware refresh and all files deleted • Each program is ~0.1KB overhead • E.g. Move block ~5.1KB, two ~5.8KB • E.g. Move + Wait for light sensor ~7.7KB • Use My Blocks for subroutines for better memory usage • Click NXT Window then Memory to view memory usage • Instructor show this command • Refer to NXTmemory.doc for more details • Instructor, show this file NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  15. Writing Efficient NXT-G Programs • Maximize free space by deleting default files that are downloaded with firmware • Maximize code reuse • Use only Move or only Motor blocks • Loops and My Blocks • Combine multiple programs – can combine 2 programs into 1 and select which of the two sequences to run programmatically (using a touch sensor, for example) • Minimize Sound and Display blocks • Use Mini-Blocks NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  16. NXT SoftwareV1.1, 2.0 • New version V1.1 released summer/fall 2007 • 2008 kits will have v1.1 • 2007 kits may or may not. • Check and see • As of Jan 2009, kits shipped with 2.0, $80 single license • Main advantage is performance enhancements • Downloading to NXT is faster • Size of blocks on the NXT is smaller • Mini-Blocks can be downloaded:mindstorms.lego.com/support/updates NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  17. Lab Exercises • Lab Sections • Lab 1 - The Distance Sensor • Lab 2 – Loops, Variables & My Blocks • This exercise shows 2 different techniques to program the robot to go in a square • Introduces different programming techniques • Shows memory usage of different techniques • Mission programming using 3 motor design NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  18. Lab Exercises • Show video: examples of robots with fixtures for each mission • Introduce yourself to other team members • Begin with Lab1&2 exercises • Add attachments to 3 motor base to run 1-2 missions • 90 min to complete the labs • Ask questions, chances are someone else has the same question • Have fun! NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  19. Lab Conclusions • LAB Conclusions • Each team briefly explain a section of what you learned in this workshop • What advice would you have for a team starting out with NXT? • Teaching for understanding “creates challenging situations in which students test their knowledge by solving problems, building products, and giving performances or writing reports that synthesize thorough analysis of a topic, a concept, or an idea.” * NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  20. Next Steps • Register your team with FLL • Share with your team • NXT Robotics Techniques slides • NXT Techniques labs • Mindstorms NXT tutorial (show tutorial) • Build and test 2-3 robot designs, then have your team select a hybrid of best features • Challenge the kids! • Make up your own exercises – stress basics & reliability NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  21. Resources • Tutorial, Dale Yocum • Download from http://cgsinfo.catlin.edu/msrobotics/html/downloads.html • takes time, go through in sections • NXT Tutorial is also available online: http://www.ortop.org/NXT_Tutorial/ • Requires Adobe Macromedia Shockwave Player and high speed download connection • Inscite www.hightechkids.org • www.nxtprograms.com NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  22. Parting Thoughts • From “All I Really Need to Know (About Creative Thinking) I Learned (By Studying How Children Learn) in Kindergarten* Tips from 12 year olds on being creative: • Start simple • Work on things that you like • If you have no clue what to do, fiddle around • Don’t be afraid to experiment • Find a friend to work with, share ideas! • It’s OK to copy stuff (to give you an idea) • Keep your ideas in a sketch book • Build, take apart, rebuild • Lots of things can go wrong, stick with it *MIT Media Lab NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

  23. Review & Questions • Please give us your input • Let ORTOP know how we can improve the program • Thanks for volunteering! Your effort make learning possible. • Disassemble robots (keep caster assy together) and put pieces back into kits • http://www.ortop.org/fll NXT Robotics Techniques - 2009

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