1 / 79

Perennial And a Few Annual Diseases OSUE-Lorain Perennial School Tom s Country Place January 9, 2007

Dennis J. Lewandowski Kottman Hall, Office 475C The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus, Ohio 43210-1087 Phone: (614) 292-1293 FAX: (614) 292-4455 Email address: lewandowski.49@osu.edu. Hoeing: by John Updike . I sometimes fear the younger generation will be deprived of the pleasures of hoeing; there is no knowinghow many souls have been formed by this simple exercise

paul2
Download Presentation

Perennial And a Few Annual Diseases OSUE-Lorain Perennial School Tom s Country Place January 9, 2007

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

    1. Jim Chatfield Ohio State University Extension Perennial (And a Few Annual) Diseases OSUE-Lorain Perennial School Tom’s Country Place January 9, 2007

    2. Dennis J. Lewandowski Kottman Hall, Office 475C The Ohio State University 2021 Coffey Road Columbus, Ohio 43210-1087 Phone: (614) 292-1293 FAX: (614) 292-4455 Email address: lewandowski.49@osu.edu

    3. Hoeing: by John Updike I sometimes fear the younger generation will be deprived of the pleasures of hoeing; there is no knowing how many souls have been formed by this simple exercise…

    4. Hoeing: by John Updike The dry earth like a great scab breaks, revealing moist-dark loam – the pea-root’s home a fertile wound perpetually healing… How neatly the green weeds go under! The blade chops the earth new. Ignorant the wise boy who Has never rendered thus the world fecunder.

    5. Three Good Resources Perennial Diseases Diseases of Annual and Perennials: A Ball Guide A.R. Chase, Margery Daughtrey, Gary W. Simone Pests and Diseases of Herbaceous Perennials Stanton Gill, David L. Clement, Ethel Dutky Pictorial Guide of Common Herbaceous Insects and Diseases ONLA and OSU Extension Nursery Landscape and Turf Team Coming Next Year

    6. Available through: Ohio Nursery and Landscape Association

    10. Discover Ohio in Bloom: Northeast Ohio Cleveland Botanic Garden Cleveland Cultural Gardens in Rockefeller Park Cleveland Metroparks Zoo Cuyahoga Valley National Park Eagle Creek State Nature Preserve Fellows Riverside Gardens Gardenview Horticultural Park Holden Arboretum Lake Metroparks Farmpark Lake View Cemetery Stan Hywet Hall and Gardens Triangle Lake Bog State Nature Preserve

    12. Powdery Mildews Pathogen: Various powdery mildew fungi mycelia; conidia; cleistothecia Hosts: Many – e.g. Phlox, Monarda, Sedum Environment: High relative humidity Signs & Symptoms: Powdery fungal growth; Grayish/brownish desiccation

    15. 9 – PM on Phlox

    16. 111 – Sedum PM

    17. 8 – PM Ajuga

    18. Powdery Mildew Avoid crowding plants and space them to allow good air circulation. Keep plant leaves as dry as possible, and water early in the day to reduce the amount of time the leaves are wet. Grow plant in full sun if possible. Use resistant plant varieties if they are known.

    19. Which of the following would be considered powdery mildew fungicides? A. Rubigan B. Banner C. Thiophanate - methyl products D. Strike E. All of the above

    21. Downy Mildew Fungicides Which of these are good downy mildew fungicides? Aliette Heritage Stature All of the above

    23. Conditions That Favor Botrytis-induced Gray Mold: Lack of Proper Ventilation Relative Humidity at or above 85% Leaf, Stem and Flower Wetness Not Removing Spent Tissues from Plants Not Removing Spent Tissues from Greenhouse

    28. 66 – Daffodil Tip Blight

    30. 20 – Botrytis tulipii

    31. 12 – Botrytis too wet

    32. Fungal Leaf Spot or Blight Remove damaged leaves when the plants are not wet and destroy or discard them immediately. Keep plant leaves as dry as possible, and water early in the day to reduce the amount of time leaves are wet.

    33. Virus Remove and destroy symptomatic plants. Keep insect and mite pests under control. Remove weeds. Never use cuttings from plants with symptoms of virus infection.

    34. Types of symptoms Mottle or Mosaic Vein-clearing Leaf distortion Necrosis Local lesions (necrotic or chlorotic) Stunting Change in pigmentation Color break

    35. Mosaic

    36. Vein-clearing

    37. Poinsettia – vein-clearing

    38. Rose Mosaic

    39. Leaf distortion

    41. Chlorosis

    47. Ink Bleed – HVX

    48. Color Break – TMV

    49. Common routes to infection Annuals – during production Perennials – vegetative propagation or in landscape Shrubs/Trees – vegetative propagation or vector

    50. Transmission Mechanical (contaminated tools or hands) Vegetative propagation Vectors (insects/nematodes) Pollen or Seed

    51. Mechanical Transmission Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) or TMV relatives Petunia Many susceptible ornamentals Hosta virus X (HVX) Only infects hostas Many susceptible cultivars

    52. Aphid Vector Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) Very wide host range

    53. Thrips Vector tomatoes Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) Very wide host ornamental range Can be a significant problem Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) Less important – but can be problem in houses also propagating vegetables (e.g., peppers)

    54. Nematode Vector Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) Wide host range Problem in perennials Can affect trees/shrubs Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV) Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) Wide host range Becoming a more significant problem

    55. Other vectors Leaf hoppers Beetles Fungi

    56. Recognizing symptoms Affected plants Location Proximity to entry points Presence of insect vectors More than one cv. or species affected Uniformity of symptoms Is it just natural variegation?

    57. What is normal? Know what a healthy plant looks like Side-by-side comparison Learn the symptoms of the most common viruses affecting this host

    59. Poinsettia ‘05

    60. Patterns and Clues Multiple species with similar symptoms Suggests broad host range virus Suggests a possible vector Have you had this symptom before?

    61. Is there evidence of insects?

    62. What’s on the sticky cards?

    63. Concerns in the Greenhouse TMV (sanitation) INSV/TSWV (thrips) CMV (aphid) New and emerging viruses

    64. Concerns in the Landscape Hosta virus X Exclusion/sanitation Nematode transmitted viruses TRSV ToRSV TRV

    65. Unknowns from Ohio

    66. Petasites japonicus

    67. Mandevilla

    68. Gloxinia

    69. Japanese Anemone

    70. Additional Unknowns Hosta Hydrangea Astilbe Clematis Miniature rose

    71. Podophyllum peltatum (Mayapple) ELISA TSV (+)

    72. Tobacco ringspot virus Hosta sieboldiana Viburnum prunifolium Japanese Anemone

    73. INSV (+) New Guinea Impatiens Begonia sp. Gloxinia Lobelia

    75. Gloxinia

    76. Hosta virus X

    82. Hosta virus X (+) ‘Chantilly Lace’ ‘Francee’ ‘Golden Tiara’ ‘Gold Standard’ ‘Pilgrim’ ‘Spotted Janet’ ‘Sugar and Cream’ ‘Sum and Substance’ ‘Twilight’

    83. Hosta virus X (+) H. sieboldiana H. sieboldiana ‘Albo-marginata’ H. undulata ‘medio-variegatum’ H. kikutii polyneuron ‘Shirofukurin’ H. longipes ‘Ogon Amagi’

    84. Reduce Losses Recognize the signs/symptoms Diagnosis Type of virus (vectored?) Likely entry point Early infection = more damage

    85. Virus Diagnostics

    86. Management Sanitation Choices? Removal of infected plants Do Nothing except sanitation Vector management Weed management

    87. Impatiens Necrotic Spot Virus (INSV) Hundreds of Hosts Range of Symptoms Transmitted by Thrips No virusides

    88. 14 – INSV on Hosta

    89. Conditions That Favor Pythium and Phytophthora Root Rots: Media That Is Not Well-Drained Over Watering Poor Sanitation Techniques

    90. 85 -

    91. 86 – Lily Rhizome

    92. 79 – Root Rot on Perennial

    93. 82 – Phyium Root Rot of Anenome 2

    94. 81 – Phythium Root Rot on Anenome

    95. 87 – Root Rot in Lily causing burn

    96. Phytophthora Primer Translated: “Plant Destroyer” Water Molds: Oomycota Phytophthora Pythium Hall of Shame: Phytophthora infestans – potato Phytophthora ramorum – oaks Phytophthora spp. - many species on many plants

    97. Conditions That Favor Pythium and Phytophthora Root Rots: Media That Is Not Well-Drained Over Watering Poor Sanitation Techniques

    98. Conditions That Favor Rhizoctonia Root Rot: Using Media That is Not Well Drained Over-Fertilization Using Non-Sterile Native Soil in Growing Media

    100. Sclerotinia and Sclerotium Diseases Moist Spring/Fall conditions Cottony fungal growth Hardened fungal sclerotia Sanitation; limited fungicide controls

    101. 6 – Sclerotinia on Snapdragon

    102. 7 –

    103. 95 – Agraculture of Rudbeckia

    104. 40 – Rolfsii on Hosta

    105. Root and Stem Rot Remove and destroy or discard the entire plant including the soil immediately surrounding its roots. For future ground plantings, improve soil drainage or use a looser potting media using new soil or media if possible. Check that the roots and stems of new plants are free of symptoms.

    106. Hollyhock Rust Pathogen: Puccinia malvacearum Host: Alcea rosea; others in Malvaceae Control: Saniatation, sanitation, sanitation Weed control (round-leaved mallows) Good air movement Regular fungicides (e.g. mancozeb, chlorothalonil)

    112. Daylily Rust Hosts: Hemerocallis Pathogen: Puccinia sp. Environment: Moist conditions Signs & Symptoms: Rust pustules; leaf yellowing/shrivelling Control: Inspection, sanitation, fungicides

    115. The Ohio Green Industry Survey: Nursery Stock Producers/Dealers 1996: $1.96 Billion 2001: $2.78 Billion 2005: $4.13 Billion

More Related