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Sorting symptoms. Breathlessness. Respiratory Cardiovascular Anaemia Endocrine Obesity Ageing. Respiratory. COPD Asthma RTI PE Pneumothorax Hyperventilation. Cardiovascular. LVF CCF Atrial fibrillation High output failure Thyrotoxicosis Pagets. Anaemia. Endocrine.
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Breathlessness • Respiratory • Cardiovascular • Anaemia • Endocrine • Obesity • Ageing
Respiratory • COPD • Asthma • RTI • PE • Pneumothorax • Hyperventilation
Cardiovascular • LVF • CCF • Atrial fibrillation • High output failure • Thyrotoxicosis • Pagets
Endocrine • Thyrotxicosis • High output failure • Causing atrial fibrillation • Diabetic ketoacidosis
Old Age • Exclude all other causes
Examination • Pulse rate rhythm • BP • Chest • HS • JVP • Ankle swelling • Mucosae
Investigations • Fbc, u&e lfts, t4 • CXR • ECG • Spirometry • Echo • N naturetic peptide
Dizziness • Vertigo • Light headed
Vertigo • Acute • Vestibular neuronitis • Benign positional vertigo • CVA • Ear infection • Meniere’s • Cervical spondylosis
Vertigo • Chronic • MS • V111 nerve damage drugs • Post CVA • Cerebellar disorder
Lightheaded • Muzziness • Loss of balance • Arrythmia • Anxiety • Depression • Drugs • Blood pressure
Examination • BP sitting and standing • Cranial nerves • Coordination • Balance • Fundi • Cervical spine • CVS HS Bruits pulse rat rhythm
Investigations • Fbc, u&e, t4, lft’s • Cervical spine xray • ? Ecg
Anaemia • Men < 12.5 • Women <11.5
History • Frank bleeding • Haematemesis • Malena • Haematuria • Haemoptysis • Menorrhagia • Epistaxsis
History • Poor diet • Malabsorption • Haemoglobinopathy • Haemopoetic disorder
Examination • Chest • CVS • Glands • Abdo ? Including PR/PV
Investigations • Fbc/esr • B12/folate • Ferritin • Lft’s • U&e’s • Others psa cxr
Referral • Urgent colorectal appt • Urgent OGD • Haematology
Weight loss • Causes • Malignancy • Thyrotoxicosis • Depression • Malabsorption • Anorexia nervosa • Age • Low fat diet
History • Dietary • GIT vomiting, dysphagia, diarrhoea • Palpitations sweating tremor • Cough haemoptysis breathlessness
Examination • Weigh • Fbc esr lft’s t4 u&e ?b12 folate • If appropriate cxr
Tired all the time • Causes • Life • Depression • Anaemia • hypothyroid • Recovery from major illness • Chronic fatigue syndrome
History • Symptoms of anaemia • Symptoms of hypothyroidism • Check for depression • Recent life events • Recent illnesses • What they think is causing it
Examination • Only if indicated then approprairte system • CFS general examination • Weight
Investigations • Fbc esr • T4 • Others as indicated
Management • Review with results of blood tests • If normal discuss lifestyle • Check on depression anxiety prolonged stress