The Wonderful World of HAP Regulations

1. The Wonderful World of HAP Regulations Genevieve Damico U.S. EPA, Region 5

2. Agenda • Alphabet soup • What are the regulated HAPs • What are MACT standards • Status of MACT

3. Agenda Cont’d. • What is case-by-case MACT • What is the MACT Hammer • May 8, 2003 rule • Review

4. Alphabet Soup • 112(a) - Definitions • 112(b) - List of Pollutants • 112(c) - List of Source Categories • 112(d) - Emission Standards

5. Alphabet Soup • 112(e) - Schedule for Standards and Review • 112(f) - Standards to Protect Health and the Environment (Residual Risk Program)

6. Alphabet Soup • 112(g) - Modifications, Construction, and Reconstruction • 112(h) - Work Practice Standards

7. Alphabet Soup • 112(i) - Schedule for Compliance for New Sources, Early Reduction Program • 112(j) - Equivalent Emission Limitation by Permit "MACT Hammer"

8. Alphabet Soup • 112(k) - Urban Air Toxics Strategy • 112(l) - State Programs: Delegation of Implementation & Enforcement Authority

9. Alphabet Soup • 112(m) - Atmospheric Deposition to Great Lakes/Coastal Waters-Reports to Congress • 112(n) - Studies: Utilities, Coke Ovens, POTWs, Mercury, Hydrogen Sulfide

10. Alphabet Soup • 112(o) - National Academy of Sciences Study on Risk Assessment • 112(p) - Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center

11. Alphabet Soup • 112(q)-Savings Provision • 112(r)-Prevention of Accidental Releases • 112(s)-Periodic Reports on Measures Taken to Implement Section 112

12. What are the regulated HAPs? • Listed in 112(b) • 188 HAPs

13. What are the regulated HAPs? (Cont’d.) • Air toxics are those pollutants that are known or suspected of causing cancer or other serious health effects, such as developmental effects or birth defects

14. What is a MACT standard? • Technology based standard • Source Category specific

15. What is a MACT standard? Cont’d. • No less stringent than the top 12% controlled sources in a particular source category (the MACT floor)

16. What is a MACT standard? Cont’d. • Most apply to major sources of HAPs (10 tpy of a particular HAP/25 tpy of an aggregate of HAPs)

17. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/eparules.html(See next page in your handouts for table.)

19. Status of MACT • 89 promulgated • 5 proposed (This total includes the MON MACT as a single category.)

20. Future of MACT • U.S. EPA is going back to the promulgated MACT and evaluating whether or not further reductions are necessary based on a risk assessment

21. What is case-by-case MACT? • 112(g) of the CAA • Construction or reconstruction of a major (10/25) process or production unit

22. What is case-by-case MACT? Cont’d. • Implemented through preconstruction permit programs in general

23. What is the MACT Hammer? • 112(j) of the CAA requires major sources to submit a permit application proposing source-specific MACT if the EPA misses a scheduled promulgation date by 18 mos.

24. May 8, 2003 rule • Requires the application to be submitted 60 days after EPA misses a recently negotiated schedule • http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/112j/

25. 112(j) • Conditions of the MACT determination must be incorporated into the Title V operating permit by the permitting authorities

26. Just a little review • How many listed HAPs are there? • What is the MACT floor? • What is a major source of HAPs? • What types are subject to 112(g)?