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Explore the potential of clay in neutrailizing toxins, stimulating skin growth, and healing leg ulcers and bed sores. Discover how clay interacts with 74 elements and may hold clues to the origin of life.
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Les secrets de l’argile 6ème Réunion du Groupe Consultatif Spécial de l’OMS sur l’Ulcère de Buruli Unraveling Clay’s Secrets Thierry Brunet de Courssou Geneva, xx March 2003 www.BuruliBusters.com www.ActionBuruli.com
Dennis Eberl (US Geological Survey) • James Ferries (NASA Origin of Life) • Lynda Williams (ASU) • John Holloway (ASU)
The Challenge (1)- Buruli • Mycobacterium/toxin neutralization • Débridement • Healing (Hyper-Granulation) • Controls general infection • Skin growth • No keloids • No retractions • Stem cells stimulation (?)
The Challenge (2)– NOT Buruli • Débridement (leg ulcers, bed sores, other) • Healing (granulation) • Skin growth • No keloids • No retractions • Raymond Dextreit (world reference)
The Challenge (3) - Investment • ROI = 0 (pharmaceutical labs perspective)
Promising Huge Payoff • Tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis) • Leprosy (mycobacterium leprae) • AIDS
The Origin of Life from Clay • Graham Cairns-Smith • James Ferries • John Holloway
Mycolactone / Toxin • Reaction with clay
Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Calcium Cerium Cesium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Copper Dysprosium Erbium Europium Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Gold Hafnium Holmium Indium Iodine Iridium Iron Lanthanum Lead Lithium Lutetium Magnesium Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Aluminum Silicate + Cocktail of 74 elementsMontmorillonite clay found in Nevada • Neodymium • Nickel • Niobium • Osmium • Potassium • Palladium • Phosphorus • Platinum • Praseodymium • Rhenium • Rhodium • Rubidium • Ruthenium • Samarium • Scandium • Selenium • Silicon • Silver • Sodium • Strontium • Sulfur • Tantalum • Tellurium • Terbium • Thallium • Thorium • Thulium • Tin • Titanium • Tungsten • Uranium • Vanadium • Ytterbium • Yttrium • Zinc • Zirconium
layer cations layer Smectite – 2:1 interlayer
The toxins have gone inside the clay and sit in between the layers. The contaminants are incorporated into the clay structure Through ionic exchange, the harmful poisons are drawn to the outside surface of the clay. Contaminant particules are attracted to the outer surface of the clay crystal Absorption Adsorption + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + +
Electrical Charge of Clays pesticides H2O - - - - - - metals CLAY PARTICLE - nutrients - - - - - H2O H2O
Enlarged edge of crystal External surface Ca2+ H+ K+ Mg2+ Ca2+ H+ NH4+ Ca2+ H+ K+ K+ Ca2+ External surfaces Ca2+ H+ H+ Mg2+ K+ Ca2+ H+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Mg2+ NH4+ Al3+ Na+ Ca2+ H+ K+ Ca2+ Ca2+ H+ Ca2+ H+ Na+ Ca2+ H+ H+ H+ Na+ K+ Internal surfaces H+ Mg2+ Ca2+ NH4+ K+ Ca2+ H+ NH4+ K+ Ca2+ Ca2+ K+ H+ Mg2+
Use for thousand of years in all continents Remove metals Radiochemicals contamination entrapment NanoClay Clay Mineral Society promoting research IBM Clay-protein research project People living next to montmorillonite deposit life 120~140 years Domestic water filters Caffeine adsorbent liquid filter Water Based Paint additives ultra-pure smectite clays for GM (enhanced physical properties nanocomposites) Laponite ™ synthetic clay mineral Barasym ™ synthetic clay mineral Nanoplastics = polymeric nanocomposites Origin of Life Detection of life on Mars Fireproofing Crop mineral fertilizing Extraordinary observation during Buruli treatment Berkeley Earth Sciences Lab -- Molecular Simulations of Hydrated Montmorillonite Interlayers Because of their ubiquitous presence in natural materials and their strong surface reactions with cations and organic molecules, clay minerals figure importantly in a broad range of phenomena, from global climate change to contaminant management. Research is designed to provide molecular-scale information about the mechanisms of these surface reactions, based on state-of-the-art computer simulation using tested codes and realistic models of clay mineral interactions with liquid water and a variety of dissolved chemicals Just cheap dirt … Medical Science – NO interest! Not so fast…. Spray dried smectite 11,495 US Patents “montmorillonite” 1,239 US Patents “illite” 8,470 US Patents “clay minerals” 522 Canadian Patents “montmorillonite”
Water droplets on Illite (left) and Quartz (right) Water droplets Typical “Spiky” Crystals Water droplets on Illite (and Illitized Kaolinite).
swelling type of Na-montmorillonite, where the plates are expanded by high hydration Smectite Wavy, lettuce appearance Ca-montmorillonite, with low hydration, where the plates are held tightly
Scale = 10 µm Smectite and quartz crystals Kaolinite booklets on Smectite-Illite
Guadeloupe vertsols have natural suppressiveness to bacterial wilt, mainly of physicochemical origin. Pictures shows cells (black arrow) of R. solanacearum observedin the porosity of native montmorillonite extracted from a Guadeloupe vertisol. General view of bacterial cells (B) embedded in the tactoidal clay matrix [A], which is deformable and able to wrap around cells or to come in contacts at several points as seen in the detailed TEM where individuals cristallites of montmorillonite associate to form tactoids (T) delimiting pores (P) where bacteria are entrapped and not available for the infectious process . To know more about vertisol suppressive to bacterial wilt in Guadeloupe see; Prior P., Béramis M., Clairon M., Quiquampoix H., Robert M., Schmit J. 1993. Contribution to integrated control against bacterial wilt in opposite pedoclimatic situations: Guadeloupe experience. In "Bacterial Wilt" Proceedings of an international conference held at Kaoshiung, Taiwan, 28-31 October 1992. ACIAR Proceedings No 45, 294-304. http://ibws.nexenservices.com/suppressive_soils.htm
Microfabricated devices for drug delivery • Microneedles for transdermal drug delivery • Microparticles with controlled geometry http://www.che.gatech.edu/drugdelivery/ http://www.utdallas.edu/~jblee/research/Microneedle%20Array%20for%20BioMEMS.htm
MICA - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - K+ Ca+2 Ca+2 Ca+2 K+ K+ K+ K+ K+ Mg+2 Mg+2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2:1’s SMECTITE VERMICULITE 2:1 layer interlayer 2:1 layer
Repeatable Observable Experiments • Animal Testing • Testing on humains • Africa • Bee stings • Spider bites (milking)
Kirlian effect Tap Water Evian + Clay Sea water + Clay
Kirlian effect 45 minutes after drinking a glass of Illite Clay pack on thumb
BURULI www.BuruliBusters.com www.ActionBuruli.com All infos on this preliminary study including the slide show are available at: www.BuruliBusters.com Toutes les infos sur ces études préliminaires sont disponibles à: www.ActionBuruli.com