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Introduction to the phenomenology of high temperature superconductors

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Introduction to the phenomenology of high temperature superconductors

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    1. Introduction to the phenomenology of high temperature superconductors Patrick Lee and T. Senthil

    2. High Tc Phase diagram

    5. A preliminary look: transport

    6. Overdoped metal Does it have a Fermi surface? Size and shape? Methods to detect ARPES, deHaas-van Alphen and related quantum oscillations, other.. eg Angle Dependant Magneto-Resistance (ADMR) Is it really a Fermi liquid with Landau quasiparticles?

    7. ARPES (Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy)

    8. Overdoped metal: Is there a Fermi surface?

    9. deHaas van Alphen, other `quantum oscillations: classic Fermi surface determination methods

    10. Remarks on quantum oscillations

    11. Quantum oscillations in Tl-2201

    12. Thermal conductivity: Wiedemann-Franz law

    13. Is the OD state really a Fermi liquid?

    14. High Tc Phase diagram

    15. The strange metal: electrical transport

    17. Magnetotransport: Hall effect

    18. Optical transport: high frequency tail

    19. Optical transport: low frequency peak

    20. Spin physics: spin susceptibility and NMR relaxation

    21. Dynamic spin correlations: neutron scattering in LSCO

    22. ARPES: Fermi surface structure

    23. Analysis of ARPES data

    24. Absence of Landau quasiparticles

    25. Transition to SC: onset of coherence

    26. Onset of coherence in transport

    27. Neutron resonance

    28. Summary on strange metal

    29. Brief theory interlude

    38. Common features of superconductivity in doped (paramagnetic) Mott insulators

    39. High Tc Phase diagram

    42. Out-of-plane transport

    43. In plane transport

    44. Pseudogap state in ARPES

    46. Evolution of pseudogap with doping

    47. T-dependence : `Gapless Fermi arcs

    48. Fermi arcs shrink with decreasing T

    49. Summary of ARPES Fermi surface evolution

    50. New mystery: quantum oscillations in a magnetic field at low T

    51. High field ground state: contrast between under and over-doped

    52. How do all this fit together?

    53. How to fit together?

    54. Arcs versus pockets Could it be that the arcs are really just one side of a closed pocket near the nodal region?

    55. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) (Credit: Jenny Hoffman website)

    56. STM: different measurement modes

    57. STM in the cuprates at low-T: d-wave gaps and spatial inhomogeneity

    58. Competing order and fluctuations Apart from superconductivity, many other ordered or nearly ordered (i.e short range ordered) states have been reported in the underdoped cuprates. Some prominent examples: 1. Antiferromagnetism/SDW/spin stripes 2. Charge order charge stripes/CDW/checkerboard 3. Nematic order (breaking of lattice rotation symmetry without breaking translation symmetry). Implication/importance of these for pseudogap/SC/strange metal not currently understood.

    59. Phase fluctuations above Tc: Nernst/diamagnetism If Tc controlled by phase stiffness, might expect region with enhanced superconducting phase fluctuations in the `normal state above Tc. Experiment: Microwave conductivity (Corson,..Orenstein) Nernst effect and diamagnetism (Wang, Li,, Ong) (next few slides courtesy of Patrick, Lu Li) This fluctuations regime surely exists but does not extend all the way to T*.

    65. Other order and fluctuations: Antiferromagnetism

    66. `Universal spin fluctuation spectrum of superconducting cuprates

    67. Broken translation symmetry I: charge stripes

    68. Broken translation symmetry in STM: methods

    70. Checkerboards/CDW

    71. Checkerboard/CDW: stronger in Bi-2201

    72. Electronic nematics

    73. Correlation with T*

    74. Field induced magnetic ordering at low-T

    76. Summary of some important underdoped phenomena

    77. A phenomenological synthesis

    78. Ong `high field phase diagram

    79. Key assumption: Electron coherence in a field

    81. Physics across Tc at zero field

    82. Modeling single particle incoherence

    83. Pseudogap and Fermi arcs

    84. Summary of ``synthesis

    86. Refined basic theory questions Is superconductivity with gapless nodal excitations possible in a doped Mott insulator? Only currently known route is by doping a gapless spin liquid Mott insulator. Does this force us to a spin liquid based approach to cuprates?

    87. More questions More generally, large Fermi surface visible (at least at short time scales) already in underdoped. How should we understand the emergence of the large Fermi surface in a doped Mott insulator?

    88. Even more questions

    89. Last question

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